What Patients and Caregivers Need to Know About Hospital at Home vs. Traditional Hospital

What Patients and Caregivers Need to Know About Hospital at Home vs. Traditional Hospital

by Ree Caregiving Health Tech Med Tech

Hospital-at-home programs have expanded rapidly across the U.S., but most patients have no idea this option exists when facing admission.

When my husband George was cycling through hospital stays every month for his end-stage renal disease and cancer in 2018, nobody told us there might be another way. We assumed the hospital was our only option. Month after month, we dealt with the ER waits, the uncomfortable chairs, the sleepless nights, and the parade of specialists who never seemed to talk to each other.

Things have changed since then. Hospital-at-home care has gone from experimental to mainstream. Medicare now covers it permanently. Your insurance probably covers it too.

But you have to know to ask for it.

Let’s break down everything you need to know about hospital-at-home versus traditional hospitalization, including:

  • a comparison of clinical outcomes
  • the hidden costs nobody talks about
  • how to decide which option makes sense for your situation

Contents

What Is Hospital at Home Care?

Hospital-at-home means exactly what it sounds like: you receive acute-level medical care in your own home instead of in a hospital facility. This isn’t the same as regular home healthcare or skilled nursing. We’re talking about the same intensity of care you’d get if you were admitted to a hospital bed.

What conditions qualify for hospital-at-home care?

You can receive hospital-at-home care for conditions like pneumonia, COPD flare-ups, heart failure, serious infections, and certain post-surgical recoveries. A 2023 study in the Annals of Internal Medicine found that hospital-at-home programs safely treated patients with cellulitis, urinary tract infections, and heart failure exacerbations.

The key word here is “acute.” You need to be sick enough to require hospitalization, but stable enough to be safely monitored at home.

What does hospital-level care actually include?

Nurse helps someone with a cane

Your care team visits you at home daily, and sometimes twice a day. This includes physicians, nurses, physical therapists, and care coordinators. You’ll get IV medications if you need them. You’ll wear devices that monitor your vital signs and send data to your medical team in real-time. It’s like having a hospital room set up in your living room, but without the hospital smell and terrible food.

When George was using his Dexcom continuous glucose monitor, I got alerts on my phone whenever his blood sugar spiked or dropped dangerously low. That technology exists for heart rate, oxygen levels, blood pressure, and more. Your care team watches these numbers from their computers and can intervene before small problems become emergencies.

Who provides the care?

A dedicated hospital-at-home team manages your case. You’ll have a primary physician who oversees your treatment plan. Nurses visit to check on you, administer medications, and assess your condition. The big difference from traditional home health? These visits happen daily, and you have 24/7 access to your care team by phone or video.

The shift from experimental to mainstream happened fast. Before COVID-19, only a handful of health systems offered hospital-at-home programs. The pandemic forced rapid expansion, and in 2025, the Hospital Inpatient Services Modernization Act extended the CMS waiver to continue providing hospital-at-home care.

How Traditional Hospital Care Works

ER and urgent care entrance

When you’re admitted to a traditional hospital, you check in through the emergency department or for a scheduled admission. A nurse takes your vitals, you change into a hospital gown, and you’re assigned to a room (if one’s available—sometimes you wait for hours).

The hospital routine

Nurses check your vitals every few hours, day and night. Yes, even at 3 a.m. Doctors round in the morning, usually between 7 and 10 AM. If you’re asleep when they come by, too bad. Meals arrive on a fixed schedule whether you’re hungry or not.

With George’s 10 different specialists, we never knew who would walk through the door or when. His nephrologist didn’t talk to his oncologist. His endocrinologist had no idea what his cardiologist prescribed. I became the central hub of information, keeping my own spreadsheet because the hospital’s electronic records didn’t seem to connect the dots.

Family involvement and visiting limitations

Even before COVID-19 restrictions, hospitals limited visiting hours. During the pandemic, many hospitals banned visitors entirely. In 2025, most facilities still have restrictions like limited hours, limited number of visitors, no children under 12.

If you want to be there when doctors round to ask questions, you’d better arrive early and stay all day.

Need to go home to shower or check on your kids? You might miss critical conversations about your loved one’s treatment plan.

The discharge process often feels rushed. A nurse reviews a stack of papers, hands you prescriptions, and sends you on your way. Studies show 20% of patients don’t understand their discharge instructions.

Clinical Outcomes: Which Delivers Better Results?

Does hospital-at-home actually work as well as traditional hospitalization?

Yes—and sometimes better.

Patient satisfaction scores

A 2024 meta-analysis in JAMA Network Open reviewed 25 studies comparing hospital-at-home care to traditional care. Patient satisfaction scores were consistently higher for hospital-at-home, with 87% of patients rating their experience as “excellent” compared to 62% for traditional hospitalization.

That’s not surprising. People sleep better when they’re in their own beds. They get to eat their own food, and see their family members whenever they want.

The medical care is just as good, but the experience is dramatically better.

Hospital readmission rates

Getting sent back to the hospital within 30 days of discharge is a sign something went wrong.

For traditional hospitalizations, the 30-day readmission rate hovers around 15% to 20% depending on the condition. Hospital-at-home programs report readmission rates of 8% to 12%.

That’s because closer monitoring catches problems earlier. Patients understand their care plan better because they’re not overwhelmed and sleep-deprived. The transition from acute care to regular life is smoother when you’re already home.

Infection risk and recovery time

Hospital-acquired infections affect 1 in 31 hospital patients on any given day, according to the CDC. At home, you’re not exposed to antibiotic-resistant bacteria floating around hospital wards. You’re not sharing air with other sick people.

Recovery happens faster when you’re comfortable and less stressed. A 2023 study found that elderly patients receiving hospital-at-home care regained their ability to perform daily activities 40% faster than those in traditional hospitals.

The mortality rates? Comparable. For appropriate patients, hospital-at-home is just as safe as traditional hospital care.

The Hidden Costs Nobody Tells You About

The hospital bill is just the beginning. Let’s talk about what you’ll actually pay and what costs don’t show up on an invoice.

Out-of-pocket expenses for traditional hospitalization

Even with good insurance, a three-day hospital stay can cost you $1,500 to $3,000 in co-pays and deductibles. That’s the baseline. Then come the surprise charges.

Facility fees can add hundreds of dollars:

And let’s not forget parking. $15 per day adds up when you’re visiting daily for weeks. Hospital cafeteria meals for family members is $10 to $15 each.

These “small” costs can easily hit $500 to $1,000 for a typical hospital stay.

Out-of-pocket expenses for hospital at home

Medicare card and Rx closeup

Medicare covers hospital-at-home the same way it covers traditional hospitalization. You pay the standard hospital deductible and any applicable co-pays. Most private insurers follow Medicare’s lead, but coverage varies.

The surprise? Hospital-at-home often costs you less out-of-pocket because there’s no:

  • parking fees
  • expensive hospital cafeteria meals
  • co-pays for separate facility charges

A 2021 analysis found that patients in hospital-at-home programs saved an average of $2,400 in out-of-pocket costs compared to traditional hospitalization.

You might need to buy a few things—maybe a shower chair or grab bars if you don’t have them. But the program provides equipment like IV poles and monitoring devices.

The invisible costs for caregivers

The economic impact on caregivers is often overlooked. I burned through my vacation days and sick leave taking George to appointments and managing his care, even while working remotely. Many caregivers do the same.

The financial burden is more than just lost wages. A 2023 AARP study found that family caregivers spend an average of $7,200 per year of their own money on caregiving expenses (like medications, medical supplies, home modifications, transportation).

The emotional toll is impossible to measure, but very real. A significant number of working caregivers report job-related difficulties because of caregiving.

What the Caregiver Experience Actually Looks Like

Both hospital settings require serious caregiver involvement, just in different ways.

Caregiving during traditional hospitalization

You become an advocate and information manager. When doctors round at 8 a.m. and you can’t be there because you have a job, you miss critical conversations. So you take time off. You show up early. You stay late.

I kept notes from every specialist visit, cross-referenced medications, and flagged contradictions. The nutritionist told George to eat high-protein foods for his kidney disease. The renal dietitian told him to eat low-protein foods for his kidney disease. Guess who had to figure that out?

You’re also managing communication with the rest of the family. Who’s visiting when? Who needs updates? Coordinating schedules becomes a part-time job.

Caregiving with hospital at home

At home, you’re more hands-on with daily care:

  • You help your loved one to the bathroom.
  • You make sure they eat.
  • You learn to manage medications (when to give them, and spot side effects)

The medical team trains you. They don’t just hand you a list of tasks and disappear. They show you how to help with care, what to watch for, and when to call for help.

When I was managing George’s peritoneal dialysis at home, his nephrologist’s team trained me thoroughly. I set up the machine every night, monitored the process, troubleshot issues.

It was a big responsibility, but I wasn’t alone. I had 24/7 access to the dialysis team by phone.

The benefits of hospital-at-home care:

  • You have more control over the environment
  • You can maintain some routine
  • You sleep in your own bed

The stress of feeling “on call” is real, but many caregivers prefer it to feeling helpless in a hospital where they can’t be present all the time.

A 2018 study in JAMA Internal Medicine found that caregiver stress levels were actually lower in hospital-at-home programs, despite more hands-on responsibility, because caregivers felt more informed and empowered.

How to Know if Hospital at Home is Right for Your Situation

Hospital-at-home isn’t for everyone. Here’s how to figure out if it makes sense for you.

Medical eligibility criteria

Senior woman with leg pain in chair

Your condition needs to be serious enough to require hospitalization but stable enough to monitor at home. This includes conditions like:

  • Pneumonia (non-ICU level)
  • Heart failure exacerbations
  • COPD flare-ups
  • Cellulitis and other serious infections
  • Certain post-surgical recoveries

You don’t qualify if you need ICU-level care, constant monitoring, or procedures that can only be done in a hospital. You also need to live within 30 minutes of the hospital in case you need emergency transfer.

Home environment assessment

Man with sarcopenia and a cane

You need a space for medical equipment, like a corner where an IV pole can stand and monitoring equipment can plug in.

If you’re taking advantage of telehealth, you’ll also need reliable internet for video visits and data transmission and a phone.

Safety matters too. Can you get to the bathroom safely? Are there trip hazards that could cause falls? A nurse will assess your home before admission to make sure it’s appropriate.

Insurance coverage check

Call your insurance company and ask these specific questions:

  • “Do you cover hospital-at-home programs?“
  • “What’s my co-pay compared to traditional hospitalization?”
  • “Do I need pre-authorization?”
  • “Which hospitals in my area participate in your hospital-at-home network?”

Get the answers in writing. Insurance representatives make mistakes, and you don’t want surprises later.

Family readiness factors

Someone needs to be home or nearby. Not necessarily 24/7, but available. The medical team handles the clinical care, but you need a person there to help with activities of daily living and to be present during visits.

Consider your other responsibilities:

  • Do you have young kids?
  • Other family members who need care?
  • A job with no flexibility?

Be honest about your capacity. There’s no shame in saying traditional hospitalization is the better fit for your situation.

How to Access Hospital-at-Home Programs

Most doctors won’t automatically offer this option. You have to ask for it.

When your doctor says you need to be admitted, ask: “Am I eligible for a hospital-at-home program?” If they say they don’t know or haven’t heard of it, ask them to check. Many physicians are still learning about these programs.

Call your insurance company before admission if possible. Verify coverage and get any necessary pre-authorizations. Some programs accept patients directly from the emergency department, which can save you hours in the ER waiting room.

To find hospitals offering hospital-at-home in your area, check the Medicare website’s Hospital Compare tool or call hospitals directly and ask if they participate in hospital-at-home programs.

Questions to Ask Before You Decide

Before you commit to hospital-at-home, get clear answers to these questions.

For your medical team:

  • “Am I medically stable enough for hospital-at-home?”
  • “What happens if my condition gets worse at night or on weekends?”
  • “How quickly can I be transferred to the hospital if needed?”

For the program coordinator:

  • “How many times per day will someone visit me?”
  • “Will I see the same nurses and doctors, or will it change?”
  • “What equipment will be in my home, and who maintains it?”

For your insurance:

  • “What will my total out-of-pocket cost be?”
  • “How many days of hospital-at-home care are covered?”
  • “Is there a limit to how many times I can use this benefit?”

For your family:

  • “What will I be responsible for as a caregiver?”
  • “What training will I receive?”
  • “Who can I call when I’m overwhelmed or unsure?”

Get these answers before you decide. Understanding what you’re signing up for prevents surprises and helps you plan.

Making the Right Choice for Your Family

Hospital-at-home delivers the same quality of clinical care as traditional hospitalization—sometimes better.

But the right choice depends on your medical situation, your home environment, your insurance coverage, and your family’s capacity to help with care.

If George had the option for hospital-at-home care during his treatment, would it have changed the outcome? Probably not. His conditions were too complex and unstable.

But it would have changed our experience. Fewer nights in uncomfortable hospital chairs. More time in our own home. Better sleep for both of us. For the right patient and the right family, those differences matter tremendously.

Know that you have options. Ask questions and advocate for yourself. Don’t assume the hospital is the only place to receive acute care, because it’s not.

If you’re facing hospitalization decisions for yourself or a loved one, share this information with your family. Ask your doctor about hospital-at-home before admission. You might be surprised by what’s possible.

References

Bruce, G. (2025). House passes 5-year hospital-at-home extension. Becker’s Health IT. Retrieved from https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/healthcare-information-technology/digital-health/house-passes-5-year-hospital-at-home-extension/

Cryer, L., Shannon, S. B., Van Amsterdam, M., & Leff, B. (2023). Costs for Hospital at Home Patients Were 19 Percent Lower, With Equal or Better Outcomes Compared to Similar Inpatients. Health Affairs, 42(6), 861-868. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22665835/

Dhaliwal, J.S., & Dang, A.K. (2024). Reducing Hospital Readmissions. StatPearls. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK606114/

Edgar, K., Iliffe, S., Doll, H. A., Clarke, M.J., Gonçalves-Bradley, D.C., Wong E., & Shepperd, S. (2024). Admission avoidance hospital at home. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Mar 5;3(3):CD007491. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007491.pub3. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38438116/

Federman, A. D., Soones, T., DeCherrie, L. V., Leff, B., & Siu, A. L. (2018). Association of a Bundled Hospital-at-Home and 30-Day Postacute Transitional Care Program With Clinical Outcomes and Patient Experiences. JAMA Internal Medicine. Aug 1;178(8):1033-1040. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.2562. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29946693/

HAI and Antimicrobial Use Prevalence Surveys. (2024). Centers for Disease Control. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/haic-eip/antibiotic-use.html

Horwitz, L. I., Moriarty, J. P., Chen, C., et al. (2020). Quality of discharge practices and patient understanding at an academic medical center. JAMA Internal Medicine, 180(8), 1125-1131. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23958851/

Levine, D. M., Ouchi, K., Blanchfield, B., et al. (2023). Hospital-Level Care at Home for Acutely Ill Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Annals of Internal Medicine, 176(11), 1455-1466. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31842232/

Pollitz, K., Lopes, L., Kearney, A., Rae, M., Cox, C., Fehr, R., & Rousseau, D. (2019). An Examination of Surprise Medical Bills and Proposals to Protect Consumers from Them. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.kff.org/health-costs/an-examination-of-surprise-medical-bills-and-proposals-to-protect-consumers-from-them/

Reinhard, S. C., Caldera, S., Houser, A., & Choula, R. B. (2023). Valuing the Invaluable 2023 Update: Strengthening Supports for Family Caregivers. AARP. Retrieved from https://www.aarp.org/content/dam/aarp/ppi/2023/3/valuing-the-invaluable-2023-update.doi.10.26419-2Fppi.00082.006.pdf

The Uncomfortable Truth About Patient-Centered Design in Health Tech that I Learned at CES 2026

The Uncomfortable Truth About Patient-Centered Design in Health Tech that I Learned at CES 2026

by Ree AI Caregiving Health Tech Med Tech UX

I went to the CES 2026’s Digital Health Summit in my new city of Las Vegas, and yes, I oohed and ahhed at the dancing robots and awesome cars and vehicles on display.

But this isn’t your usual “look at this shiny new device” content you’ll see everywhere else about CES. I’m going to share the hard truths that came directly from patients, caregivers, and the organizations who represent them.

If you’re building healthtech, this is what your users are actually saying about what works, what doesn’t, and what they desperately need you to stop doing. Let’s go!

Contents

Left to right: Jennifer Goldsack, Randall Rutta, Alice Pomponio, Jake Heller, and Yuge Xiao

Product Design Failures Nobody Talks About

Your product design isn’t neutral

Randy Rutta from The National Health Council shared a couple of stories that should make every product team pause:

  1. A major pharma company launched inhalable insulin with all the confidence in the world. The technology was solid, and the marketing was ready, but it flopped completely because they never asked patients if they’d actually use it.

    It turns out that people managing diabetes need precision. Something sprayed into your lungs doesn’t feel precise, even if the science says it is. Plus, patients hated the inhaler design itself. Simple focus groups made of their target user base would have caught both issues before millions were spent on development and launch.
  1. Another story hit even harder for me as a Black woman. Randy said a Black woman refused to wear a health monitoring device because it was a bulky black device on her waistband that made her afraid of being stopped by police. Her solution was painfully simple: “If it came in pink, it would have changed everything for me.”

This isn’t about inclusion for inclusion’s sake. It’s about building products that don’t put users at risk. Product design is literally life-or-death for some users.

Randy also mentioned patients with eczema and psoriasis who can’t wear certain devices because they’re too sensitive to materials touching their skin. That’s a deal-breaker for entire patient populations—a product design consideration that could eliminate your addressable market if you ignore it.

Engage patients early or pay later

Alice Pomponio from American Cancer Society’s venture capital arm sees this pattern constantly. You have to think beyond product features to systemic change. She asks founders: “What is not only the short-term product development strategy, but also the longer-term healthcare systemic step change you’re planning to deliver?”

Get patient voices around your cap table. Diversify your board perspective. Even if you have a great management team with good intentions, without a board that supports patient-centered decisions, you’ll lose the opportunity to make cost-effective strategic choices upfront.

It’s cheaper to fix problems during design than during M&A negotiations when your product strategy determines your acquisition price.

Women’s Health Tech Is Broken

Left to right: Sheena Franklin and Maya Friedman

Women are done waiting for tech that works for THEM

Sheena Franklin of K’ept Health interviewed Maya Friedman from Tidepool about how healthtech uses males as the default for AI.

Maya dropped a statistic that should embarrass the entire diabetes tech industry: 70% of women with type 1 diabetes experience insulin sensitivity changes around their menstrual cycles, but there are NO clinical guidelines or algorithms designed for this. Nothing. So women have to manually adjust their diabetes management systems every single month because the technology assumes their bodies work like men’s bodies.

“We need to stop thinking about women’s health as reproductive health. 𝘌𝘷𝘦𝘳𝘺 𝘴𝘪𝘯𝘨𝘭𝘦 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘩𝘤𝘢𝘳𝘦 𝘤𝘰𝘮𝘱𝘢𝘯𝘺 𝘯𝘦𝘦𝘥𝘴 𝘪𝘯𝘧𝘳𝘢𝘴𝘵𝘳𝘶𝘤𝘵𝘶𝘳𝘦 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘥𝘢𝘵𝘢 𝘤𝘰𝘭𝘭𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘢𝘵 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘪𝘯𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘴𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘰𝘧 𝘸𝘰𝘮𝘦𝘯’𝘴 𝘩𝘦𝘢𝘭𝘵𝘩.”

The data gap is massive

Maya Friedman

Maya referenced a project called “The Library of Missing Data Sets,” an art exhibition of hundreds of empty filing cabinets labeled with data sets that don’t exist across different industries. When you look at what’s missing, you see where biases already exist in healthcare.

As AI becomes more prevalent, these data gaps will replicate the same biases we’re trying to fix. That’s why every healthcare technology company needs infrastructure for data collection at the intersection of women’s health. Not as a “nice to have.” As a business requirement.

Tidepool partnered with Oura to build the largest longitudinal data set of diabetes device data combined with biometric data. They’re distributing Oura rings to thousands of users already on the Tidepool platform. The data will include:

  • Activity tracking
  • Sleep patterns
  • Menstrual cycle data
  • Diabetes device data from the same individuals
  • Health surveys for contextual data

This is what infrastructure looks like when you take women’s health seriously.

Algorithms need to be smarter

Maya’s immediate priority: building algorithms that aren’t “cycle agnostic.” She wants systems that account for 30-day hormonal patterns, not just 72-hour learning horizons.

“Women are not just tiny men. We have different needs. We need to display different data. We need algorithms that are potentially different for women versus men.” – Maya Friedman, Tidepool

And yes, that means maintaining multiple versions of products.

Yes, it’s more expensive. But it’s also addressing the actual market need instead of pretending half the population doesn’t exist.

It’s not just about menstrual cycles

Maya’s longer-term vision includes AI models that are dynamic across different reproductive milestones. What does an algorithm look like for someone in perimenopause who isn’t having regular periods? What are the learning horizons for that system?

The real moonshot? A fully closed-loop system that accounts for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), type 1 diabetes, and menstrual cycles without requiring patient interaction at all.

Women need tech that doesn’t make them choose between their health needs and their time.

Accessibility Creates Market Opportunities, Not Limitations

Left to right: Steve Ewell and Peter Kaldes

Peter Kaldes, CEO of Next50 Foundation, delivered a message that should change how every product designer thinks about their addressable market: “Guess what? You still have a point of view over 50. You still have buying power at 60. You can still use your iPhone at 70, and you need really great technology in the 80s and your 90s.”

Most product designers are under 35. Most assume older adults are technology Luddites. The data proves this assumption is completely wrong.

The buying power is enormous

The over-50 population has more buying power than younger generations. Yet, healthtech companies consistently ignore this market or, worse, design products that stigmatize older users. Peter’s frustration was that was crystal-clear:

“I’ve had conversations with some companies like, where are we going to find [older users to test with]? Well, why don’t you try, first of all, start with your company, and second of all, why don’t you start partnering with community organizations that have access to all these people. This is not hard. It’s just getting people out of their comfort zone.” – Peter Kaldes

Dual generational use is smart design

Peter loves technologies that serve multiple generations. If it’s good for older adults, it’s good for everyone. Examples he highlighted:

  • Hearing technology embedded in glasses to reduce stigma around hearing aids
  • AI tools that coordinate healthcare appointments along with transportation and nearby housing options
  • Financial fraud protection that helps older adults without treating them like children
Left to right: Meg Barron, Dominic King and Myechia Minter-Jordan

AARP CEO Myechia Minter-Jordan shared specific examples of products in AARP’s booth that reduce stigma:

  • Sneakers designed to prevent falls that look like regular athletic shoes (they appear to have laces, though velcro is involved)
  • Glasses with closed captions for people with hearing impairments
  • Glasses with hearing aids built into the stems (partnered with Sadika)

“We want to ensure tools don’t further stigmatize us but allow us to live with dignity and age well.” – Myechia Minter-Jordan

The accessibility-to-mainstream pipeline

Left to right: Natalie Zundel, Griffen Stapp, Ryan Easterly and Jack Walters

Griffen Stapp from Ability Central pointed out something product teams consistently miss: Products designed FOR the disability community often get adopted by everyone. But products made for the general population rarely get adapted later.

Examples are everywhere. Curb cuts help wheelchair users, but they also help parents with strollers, delivery workers with hand trucks, and travelers with rolling luggage. Closed captioning helps deaf users, but also people watching videos in noisy environments or practicing language skills.

Build accessibility in from day one, or you’re leaving both impact and revenue on the table.

Adaptable frameworks beat one-size-fits-all

Jack Walters, co-founder of HapWare (winner of the CTA Foundation Innovation Challenge), explained their approach: “Not everyone’s going to have similar care or similar treatments, so you need to be able to adapt to all those different types of needs and necessities in the community.”

They involve the disability community in design from the start, knowing common pain points and anticipating when certain issues might come up. That’s how you build solutions that actually solve problems instead of creating new friction.

Continuous Monitoring Changes Patient Behavior (Without Doctor Visits)

Left to right: Ami Bhatt, Tom Hale, Lucienne Ide and Jack Leach

Tom Hale, CEO of Oura, explained why continuous data matters more than episodic measurements: “Normal isn’t 98.6 degrees. Normal is what’s normal for you, and being able to see that deviation from the baseline allows us to make predictions.”

Oura’s “symptom radar” looks at temperature, heart rate, and other biometrics to predict when you might be getting sick—days before symptoms appear. That’s the intervention window where you can actually change behavior and potentially avoid getting sick entirely.

Patients change behavior when they see their own data

Jake Leach from Dexcom shared a pivotal study from the early days of continuous glucose monitoring. For years, the standard of care for diabetes was finger pricks, which are episodic, painful, and limited.

They ran a study where they put sensors on patients continuously measuring glucose, but they didn’t show patients the data for a week. They just collected baseline information. Then they turned on the display.

Within a day, people started making behavior changes based solely on their own knowledge of their disease and this information they’d never had before. No doctor intervention. No coaching. Just visibility into their own patterns.

The infrastructure problem doctors face

Source: Somebody Digital

Doctors are drowning in data with no infrastructure to process it.

Lucienne Ide from Rimidi left clinical medicine because she was disappointed by how electronic health records (EHRs) were implemented. She expected digital records with clinical decision support layered on top. Instead, she got data dumps with no insights.

As she put it: “I don’t know a single doctor who’s saying, ‘If only I had more data, I would be a better clinician.'”

What doctors need is not more data, but clinical decision support that turns data into actionable insights.

Tom from Oura said one doctor told him: “I want the Oura ring to give me information as if it was written by another doctor. Basically, a consult. Here’s what I know about this patient in clinical terms, and this is the information you need. Everything else, don’t give it to me.”

That’s the responsibility of device companies: Don’t just collect data. Provide insights that save clinicians time and help them make better decisions faster.

Prevention requires behavior change at scale

The consensus was clear: behavior change is what moves the needle on long-term health outcomes. Not medications or procedures. Sleep well, eat well, manage stress, and stay balanced.

Healthcare has failed at behavior change for 75 years because it requires data, user experience (UX), engagement, education, and reinforcement. Doctors don’t have time for that level of ongoing support. Educational content alone doesn’t work because people don’t retain or apply it without reinforcement.

But continuous monitoring combined with AI and smartphone engagement is the combination that finally makes prevention scalable.

As Ami Bhatt from the American College of Cardiology noted, “What has my attention besides my kids? My phone. And I’m looking at that, and that’s the power.”

AI That Actually Helps, Not Hypes

Source: Oxio Health

Dominic King from Microsoft AI cut through all the conference noise:

“The biggest challenge in healthcare today is the mismatch between global demand and constrained supply.” – Dominic King

AI isn’t replacing doctors. It’s closing the gap between what people need and what the healthcare system can deliver.

The future is proactive health companions

Chatbot woman and robot conversation

5 years ago, AI was good at classification and spotting single problems. Now we have thinking and reasoning models that can pass the same exams physicians take, often at higher rates than human test-takers.

Dominic’s vision for 5 years from now is “A health companion that you wake up and it’s sitting in the background, doing the hard work for you and being more proactive. At the moment, everything is still very reactive.”

This means:

  • Identifying sleep issues before they compound
  • Flagging medication adherence problems
  • Coordinating complex care across multiple providers
  • Helping people navigate fragmented healthcare systems
  • Providing specialized opinions even in rural areas

The caregiver opportunity is massive

Myechia shared that one in four Americans are caregivers right now (63 million Americans). If you’re not currently a caregiver or need care yourself, one day you will be.

AI tools can help caregivers:

  • Communicate with provider teams more effectively
  • Ensure loved ones are safe at home
  • Coordinate the “universe of appointments” that comes with aging
  • Reduce information asymmetry (where only people with medical training understand how systems work)

The key is addressing privacy and data concerns upfront, not as barriers to innovation but as facilitators of trust.

The co-design imperative

Dominic emphasized that co-design is critically important. Building WITH users instead of just FOR them avoids the problems we see when products hit the real world.

At Microsoft, they’re seeing 50 to 60 million health questions a day through Copilot. That’s enormous insight into what people actually need help with.

But as he noted, “A lot of founders are young. They don’t have a good idea of what it’s like to be elderly or sick.”

That’s why bringing your end users (patients, clinicians, caregivers) into the development process isn’t optional. It’s the difference between building something that works versus something that sits unused.

The Digital Equity Gap Nobody’s Solving

Left to right: Steve Ewell and Peter Kaldes

Steve Ewell, Executive Director of CTA Foundation, laid out what he calls “the three legs of the stool” for digital equity:

“You need the hardware, you need the broadband access, and then you need the support and education to go along with it. And so often that last one is left off.” – Steve Ewell

That last leg of support and education is where healthcare technology adoption actually lives or dies.

Tech alone isn’t enough

Peter Kaldes from Next50 Foundation added context that should worry anyone in healthtech: nonprofits doing the heavy lifting of digital equity training are facing unprecedented cuts to federal grants.

As Peter noted: “I love going to an Apple Store and seeing these free classes, but you have to find an Apple Store which are not in the neighborhoods that need the help the most.”

The communities that need technology training the most are the least likely to have access to it. And the organizations that bridge that gap are losing funding.

The clinical trial proof

Source: Anatomy.app

Dexcom is running large clinical trials where half the participants come from underserved communities specifically to prove the technology works equally well regardless of service level. They want hard data showing these tools aren’t just for people with resources.

Rimidi partnered with community health centers during COVID to monitor high-risk pregnancies remotely using blood pressure monitors and texting protocols. They tracked engagement by ethnicity and primary language.

There was no difference in engagement. Everyone has a smartphone in that demographic (women of childbearing age), and everyone can text.

This proves that engagement isn’t the problem. The problem is getting access to the infrastructure and training on how to use it.

Mission-aligned capital as the solution

Source: Next50 Foundation

Next50 Foundation is one of the first private foundations to invest 100% of their endowment in aging-focused companies and infrastructure. Not just grant-making, but the other 95% of their capital.

They created an aging investment framework with JP Morgan that looks at four themes:

  1. Health
  2. Social connectivity (including technology)
  3. Economic opportunity (workforce and financial vehicles for longer lives)
  4. Built environment (mobility, housing, accessibility)

As of December, about 75% of their endowment was invested in this framework, and Peter offered a challenge to the investment community:

“What if capital actually had values? Climate investors have successfully made money and helped power cleaner energy. The same can be true for aging. How can we possibly ignore that the globe is aging?” – Peter Kaldes

They also launched a new nonprofit called Leverage focused on advancing policies in Colorado to make aging more affordable—housing, living wages, caregiving resources.

Because you can’t solve systemic problems with technology alone. You need policy change too.

Patient Voices Need to Drive Startup Decisions

Jake Heller from Citizen Health is building AI tools that help patients with rare diseases query their own medical records and advocate for themselves at doctor’s appointments.

His philosophy: “Putting patients in the driver’s seat is one of the biggest opportunities we have right now.”

The journaling and documentation problem

Doctor and patient POCs

Sometimes when people with rare or complex diseases go to appointments and talk about their concerns, doctors don’t believe them. These patients need help translating their own experience in a way that clinicians will take seriously.

Citizen Health helps patients journal their symptoms and experiences, then presents that data in clinical terms. “Here’s a video of my daughter having this specific type of seizure. Here are the journal entries. Here’s how this has changed over time.”

That’s advocacy powered by data and AI.

The time-to-diagnosis crisis

Randy pointed out that if you have an autoimmune disease, it could be 3, 5, or even 7 years before diagnosis. For healthcare innovation, it can take 7 years just to move something through an FDA process.

Those time frames compound into suffering that’s completely preventable if we had better systems and patient input earlier in development cycles.

Patient organizations are ready to help. They’re trusted by their communities. They can broker relationships, speed recruitment, help startups get from lab to market faster with products that patients will actually use and that payers will actually reimburse.

The startup trap to avoid

Source: National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR)

Alice warned about companies that design products, then go looking for users to validate decisions they already made.

That’s backwards. Instead you should:

  • Find patient voices early.
  • Put them on advisory boards.
  • Include them in design sprints.
  • Listen to their feedback even when it’s uncomfortable or expensive to implement.

The successful companies in her portfolio think about long-term systemic change, not just short-term product development metrics.

What Healthtech Companies Need to Do Differently

The patient community isn’t a barrier to innovation. They’re the key to building products that actually work.

Stop designing in the dark

Source: Patient Better

If you’re building healthtech without continuous patient input, you’re wasting resources. You’ll miss market opportunities. You’ll build products that don’t get used or that put certain populations at risk.

Randy’s message was clear: “Come to us, and we will broker that relationship, because in the end, you’ll be more successful, and the patient community will get a better result.”

Measure what matters

Myechia challenged the AI industry on how they measure success: Don’t count the number of tools or features. Measure whether you’re closing the gap between lifespan and health span.

That gap is currently 13 years, which is the difference between how long people live and how many of those years are healthy years. If your technology doesn’t move that number, what’s the point?

Think systemically, not just tactically

Source: IQ Eye

Every speaker emphasized that technology is only one piece of a larger puzzle. You also need:

  • Policy changes that support adoption
  • Payment models that reward prevention
  • Training infrastructure for underserved communities
  • Clinical decision support that turns data into insights
  • Algorithms that account for biological differences across populations

If you’re only focused on your device or platform, you’re missing the bigger picture of how healthcare actually works.

The sales enablement angle

All of these insights about patient needs, accessibility requirements, women’s health gaps, digital equity challenges are the stories your prospects need to hear during long sales cycles.

B2B healthtech sales aren’t quick. You’re selling to health systems, payers, and large provider networks. The buying committees are complex. The evaluation periods stretch for months.

That’s exactly when prospects go cold or arrive at sales calls unprepared.

Daree headshot R side arms folded

I create educational email courses to bridge that gap. They keep prospects engaged with the exact kind of patient-centered insights I heard at CES. They position your company as one that understands real-world healthcare challenges, not just technology features.

In 2026 and beyond, healthtech companies that want to win understand their users deeply enough to build products those users will actually want, trust, and use.

The Measurement Challenge

A woman helping her elderly mother in a wheelchair

How do you know if you’re succeeding at patient-centered design? Myechia offered a simple test: “What do you want your life to look like at 75?”

You probably want to:

  • Stay in your home
  • Feel healthy
  • Stay empowered
  • Have information flow easily between you and loved ones
  • Remain connected to family and physicians
  • Be safe at home
  • Engage in daily activities with ease and without pain
  • Understand your medical information and chronic diseases
  • Control who has access to your data
  • Have a care plan you can execute yourself
  • Receive information you trust and can use readily

If your tech helps people achieve any of those goals, you’re on the right track. If it doesn’t, you need to rethink your approach.

Final Thoughts

CES 2026’s Digital Health Summit covered the hard work of actually listening to patients, caregivers, and the communities being served.

Startups who want to be successful in healthtech aren’t the ones chasing the next funding round or the flashiest AI feature. They’re the ones asking better questions:

  • Have we talked to patients who look different from our team?
  • Does our product work for women’s bodies, not just male bodies?
  • Can older adults use this without feeling stigmatized?
  • What infrastructure needs to exist beyond our technology?
  • Are we solving a real problem or just building something technically impressive?

Those questions lead to products that get adopted, outcomes that improve, and companies that actually make a difference. That’s the kind of healthtech worth building.

Wearable Pain Management Devices: A Non-Invasive Alternative

Wearable Pain Management Devices: A Non-Invasive Alternative

by Ree AI Health Tech

Pain is more than just a physical sensation—it’s a complex experience that can dramatically alter your daily life. Chronic pain affects almost 33% of adults, impacting their quality of life and daily activities. As traditional pain management methods often fall short, wearable pain management technologies offer hope for anyone struggling with ongoing pain.

These smart devices can:

  • Track pain signals
  • Provide quick relief
  • Help you understand your pain better

Let’s see how.

Contents

Chronic Pain and Wearable Technologies

Pain closeup word in dictionary

Types of chronic pain and pain conditions

Chronic pain can stem from various conditions, each presenting unique challenges:

  • Fibromyalgia
  • Lower back pain
  • Multiple sclerosis (MS)
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Neuropathic pain
  • Endometriosis
  • Migraines

woman holding her knee radiating in pain

Along with different conditions that cause chronic pain, there are different types of chronic pain:

  • neuropathic (nerve) pain – related to nerve damage
  • nociceptive pain – pain caused by an injury, inflammation, or pressure
  • somatic pain – pain that starts in your face, limbs, or muscles
  • visceral pain – pain from the internal organs with sensory nerves

Problems with traditional pain management

Timed pill box

Traditional pain treatments often rely on medications, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. However, these methods have drawbacks:

  1. Medication side effects
  2. The risk of addiction
  3. Inconsistent pain relief
  4. Lack of personalization (one-size-fits-all approach)

Only about 17% of people living with chronic pain get enough pain relief from traditional treatments.

For example, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have limited effectiveness in treating chronic pain and carry potential serious adverse effects, including an increased risk of heart attack or stroke. Opioids can be effective for short-term pain relief, but they have limited long-term effectiveness, and carry significant risks of addiction and misuse.

How wearable technologies detect and address pain

Wearable technologies offer a new approach to pain management:

A study published in the Interactive Journal of Medical Research reported that wearable devices improved pain management.

The science behind targeted pain relief

Wearable pain management devices use various scientific principles to provide targeted relief:

One example is Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), which works to reduce nociceptor activity and unwanted pain sensations.

Research from NXSTIM demonstrated that its TENS wearable device EcoAI reduced pain intensity for 92% of study participants.

Patient-reported outcomes and effectiveness

Wearable pain management technologies have shown promising results in patient-reported outcomes:

  • Improved pain control
  • Reduced medication use
  • Enhanced quality of life
  • Increased physical activity

A study on Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) therapy showed significant improvements in pain intensity and quality of life.

Types of Wearable Pain Management Devices

The market for wearable pain management devices has expanded rapidly, offering various options for different kinds of pain and patient needs.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) devices

Electrode pads on knee

TENS devices use low-voltage electrical currents to provide pain relief. These wearable units typically consist of:

  • A small, battery-powered device
  • Electrode pads
  • Adjustable intensity settings

The FDA approved the TensWave pain relief device, designed to be portable and user-friendly, to alleviate pain without medication.

Compression and support wearables

Compression bandage in black

Compression garments and support devices can be helpful for conditions like arthritis or sports-related injuries. They help manage pain by:

  • Improving blood circulation
  • Reducing inflammation
  • Providing joint stability

Research in the Arthritis Research and Therapy showed that a soft knee brace helped reduce pain, improve walking speed, and increase confidence for people with knee osteoarthritis.

Smart patches and biosensors

Woman with patch on her arm

These advanced wearables use technology to:

  • Monitor physiological signals
  • Detect pain patterns
  • Deliver targeted pain relief

For example, a DGIST research team has developed a smart patch capable of real-time biometric signal monitoring and drug delivery. This level of continuous monitoring and immediate response is impossible with traditional pain management methods.

Electromagnetic therapy devices

Electromagnetic therapy wearables use pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) to:

  • Reduce inflammation
  • Promote tissue healing
  • Alleviate pain

These devices can be effective for conditions like chronic lower back pain. Research has found that PEMF therapy reduced chronic lower back pain intensity in study participants.

Neurostimulation wearables

These devices target specific nerves to interrupt pain signals and provide relief. They can be used for various chronic pain conditions, including:

A narrative review reported that a neurostimulation device reduced migraine pain within two hours.

Technology Behind Pain Relief Wearables

The effectiveness of wearable pain management devices relies on advanced technologies that work together to detect, analyze, and address pain.

Sensor technologies and pain detection

Wearable sensors measure body signals to understand how each person experiences pain. This helps create personalized pain treatment plans.

Wearable devices use various sensors to monitor physiological signals associated with pain:

AI-powered devices are changing how we handle pain. They use sensors to track pain signals in the body, along with AI algorithms to figure out the best way to treat each person’s pain. These tools can measure things like heart rate and skin changes to understand pain levels and suggest personalized treatments.

Electrical stimulation mechanisms

Electrical stimulation devices work by:

  1. Blocking pain signals
  2. Stimulating endorphin release
  3. Improving local blood circulation

Research published in the Scientific Reports showed that electrical stimulation wearables reduced chronic pain and improved the walking gait of participants.

Biofeedback and pain tracking

Biofeedback is a method that helps you learn more about how your body works. By using special electronic devices, you can track things like your heart rate, muscle tension, or breathing. The main goal is to teach you how to control these body functions on purpose, almost like learning to control a muscle you didn’t know you could move before.

Biofeedback features in wearable devices help patients:

  • Identify pain triggers
  • Track pain patterns
  • Learn pain management techniques

By providing real-time feedback on physiological responses, these devices can empower you to take a more active role in managing your pain.

Machine learning and personalized pain management

AI and machine learning algorithms enhance the effectiveness of wearable pain management devices by:

  • Analyzing individual pain patterns
  • Predicting pain episodes
  • Optimizing treatment parameters

For instance, a study on digital biomarkers collected from wearables during SCS treatment showed that machine learning models can predict pain levels with an accuracy of 76.8%.

Integration with smartphone applications

Most wearable pain management devices connect to smartphone apps, offering:

  • Real-time pain tracking
  • Treatment customization
  • Data sharing with healthcare providers

In one study, a pain management app helped participants track and manage chronic pain. Those experiencing higher pain intensity and disability found it the most valuable. Some users appreciated the tracking features, while others found frequent monitoring intrusive.

Integrating apps into your healthcare regime promotes more comprehensive pain management and better communication between you and your healthcare team.

Clinical Applications and Research

Wearable pain management technologies have shown promise in various clinical settings and for different types of pain.

Pain management for specific conditions

Researchers have studied wearable devices to see how effective they are when managing pain associated with:

  • Fibromyalgia
  • Osteoarthritis
  • Lower back pain
  • Neuropathic pain

For example, a study on SCS therapy showed significant improvements in pain intensity and quality-of-life metrics for people with chronic pain conditions.

Sports injury recovery

Athletes and sports medicine professionals turn to wearable pain management devices for:

  • Faster recovery from injuries
  • Reduced reliance on pain medications
  • Improved rehabilitation outcomes

Compression wearables for instance, have shown promise in reducing pain and improving function in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

A study in BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation used advanced tracking devices like accelerometers, GPS, and force plates to monitor athletes’ performance. By collecting data on things like distance, speed, and impact, coaches can spot early signs of fatigue and prevent injuries. The technology can help sports coaches decide when to push athletes harder, and when to let them rest.

Chronic illness support

Wearable pain management technologies offer valuable support for people with chronic illnesses by:

  • Providing continuous pain relief
  • Reducing medication side effects
  • Improving quality of life

The integration of these devices into chronic pain management strategies can lead to more personalized and effective treatment plans.

Researchers frequently use wearable devices in clinical trials to test their effectiveness.

Rehabilitation and physical therapy

Wearable pain management devices are increasingly integrated into rehabilitation programs, offering:

  • Targeted pain relief during exercises
  • Progress tracking
  • Improved compliance (people following through with doctor instructions)

This integration can lead to more effective rehabilitation outcomes and faster recovery times.

A clinical trial in the Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation showed that TENS alone or combined with exercise or physical therapy, helped reduce knee pain and improve mobility. The combined therapy was particularly effective, showing a significant decrease in light-intensity activity time and potentially lowering psychological barriers to exercise. The results suggest this approach could be a valuable strategy for people struggling with knee pain and sedentary behavior.

Workplace ergonomics and injury prevention

Healthcare providers use wearable technologies in occupational health settings to:

  • Prevent workplace injuries
  • Manage chronic pain for employees
  • Improve ergonomics (physical comfort)

A study in Advanced Intelligent Systems found that implementing wearable pain management devices in the workplace can alleviate work-related pain and injuries.

By providing real-time feedback and pain management, these devices can help create safer and more comfortable work environments.

How to Choose the Right Wearable Pain Management Solution

With numerous options available, you should carefully consider several factors to select the right wearable pain management device for you.

Considerations when selecting a device

When choosing a wearable pain management solution, make note of its:

  1. Functions that help relieve your type of pain condition
  2. Device features and functionality
  3. Ease of use and comfort
  4. Battery life and portability
  5. Clinical evidence supporting its effectiveness

It’s important to consult with your healthcare provider to determine which device is best suited for your specific needs and condition.

Cost and insurance considerations

The cost of wearable pain management devices can vary widely. Consider:

While these devices may have higher upfront costs, they could lead to long-term savings in pain-related healthcare expenses. Research published in Cureus showed that despite higher upfront costs, wearable pain management devices resulted in lower overall pain-related healthcare expenses for participants.

User experience and comfort

The effectiveness of a wearable pain management device often depends on whether you use it correctly and consistently, and your comfort. Look for devices that offer:

  • Adjustable settings
  • Lightweight and discreet design
  • Easy-to-use controls

85% of the 90% of participants in a 2020 pilot study who used a device more than half of the study period reported high user satisfaction scores. This suggests that you’re more likely to use a device that’s comfortable and easy to use consistently, leading to better pain management outcomes.

Clinical validation and research

When selecting a wearable pain management device, prioritize those with strong clinical evidence that shows they’re effective. Look for:

Personalization and adaptability

Choose a device tailored to your specific needs and pain patterns. Look for features such as:

Future of Wearable Pain Management

The field of wearable pain management is rapidly evolving, with exciting developments on the horizon.

Emerging technologies

Future wearable pain management devices may incorporate:

These emerging technologies could significantly improve pain management outcomes in the coming years.

A report in Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology predicts that these emerging technologies will improve pain management outcomes.

Artificial intelligence integration

AI plays an important role in wearable pain management, offering:

For example, an automated pain recognition system using AI holds promise as an unbiased method to detect pain before, during, and after surgery.

Personalized medicine approaches

The future of wearable pain management includes highly personalized solutions, such as:

These personalized approaches could lead to significantly better health outcomes and more effective pain management strategies.

Potential for home-based pain management

Advancements in wearable technologies may lead to more comprehensive home-based pain management solutions, offering:

This shift towards home-based care can reduce hospital visits and improve the overall quality of life for chronic pain patients.

Research in Pain Therapy suggests that home-based wearable pain management devices reduce hospital visits for chronic pain.

Interdisciplinary research developments

The future of wearable pain management will likely involve collaboration across various fields, including:

This interdisciplinary approach could lead to breakthroughs in pain management, which could decrease how many people have chronic pain in the coming years.

Wearable pain management represents a promising frontier in healthcare technology. As devices become more sophisticated, personalized, and accessible, individuals suffering from chronic pain can look forward to more targeted, non-invasive relief strategies. The future of pain management is not just about treating symptoms, but understanding and addressing pain at its source.

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Yamada, K., Shimizu, H., Doi, N., Harada, K., et al. (2025). Usefulness and Safety of a Wearable Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Device for Promoting Exercise Therapy in Patients With Chronic Knee Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 106 (2), 167-176. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2024.08.021

Zhu, Y., Yao, Y., Kuang, R., Chen, Z., Du, Z., & Qu, S. (2023). Global research trends of nanotechnology for pain management. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 11, 1249667. https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2023.1249667

Enhancing Research with Wearables in Clinical Trials

Enhancing Research with Wearables in Clinical Trials

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

As clinical trials grow in number and complexity, wearables are becoming essential. They allow for remote patient monitoring (RPM) and can track multiple health metrics at once. This is crucial as the number of trial endpoints has increased by 10% in the last ten years. Let’s explore how using wearables in clinical trials helps accelerate medical research.

Contents

Wearables in Medical Research

What are wearables?

Wearables are small, smart devices like sensors that, combined with apps, collect health data. These devices can track everything from your heart rate to how well you sleep. They’re like having a mini-lab on your wrist or body. 

Wearables in clinical trials refers to all types of medical tech used in medical research.

Types of wearable devices used in clinical trials

Black woman gold top showing phone with glucose meter on arm

There’s a whole range of wearables being used in medical research:

The popularity of wearables in research

Wearables are taking the medical research world by storm. The use of wearables in clinical trials has grown by 50% from 2015 to 2020 (Marra et al., 2020). 

Wearable devices make collecting health data easier for medical researchers. They allow for real-time analysis of large data sets and help identify health trends, which brings ease and precision to clinical trials and medical studies.

Benefits of Using Wearables in Clinical Trials

Why are researchers so excited about wearables? Let’s break it down.

Real-time data collection and monitoring

Monitoring dashboard on a desk

Imagine getting a constant stream of health data from patients, 24/7. Wearables allow clinicians to monitor real-time data, so there’s no more waiting for patients to come in for check-ups or relying on their memory of symptoms.

Improved patient engagement and compliance

People are more likely to stick with a study when they’re using familiar devices. RPM systems often include medication reminders and tracking features, which can significantly improve adherence rates. 

Enhanced accuracy and objectivity of data

Wearables don’t forget or exaggerate. They provide hard data without human error or bias. Combining wearable sensors and advanced software in clinical trials is one of the best ways to make sure the data is accurate (Seitz, 2023).

Cost-effectiveness and efficiency in trial conduct

Wearable tech in healthcare shows promise for better data collection and analysis-–it can improve disease understanding, treatments, and clinical trials (Izmailova et al., 2018). 

By reducing the need for in-person visits and automating data collection, wearables can cut trial costs by up to 60% (Coravos et al., 2019).

How Wearables Are Used in Clinical Trials

How are wearables being used in real studies? Let’s look at some examples.

Continuous vital sign monitoring

Wearables can track heart rate, blood pressure, and even oxygen levels around the clock. This is especially useful in studies of heart conditions or respiratory diseases.

Activity and sleep tracking

Older woman asleep wearing smartwatch next to cell phone

These devices can measure how much you move and how well you sleep. This data is valuable for studies on conditions like insomnia or chronic fatigue syndrome.

Medication adherence tracking

Timed pill box

Some smart pill bottles can remind patients to take their medication and record when they do. This helps clinicians know if patients are following the treatment plan.

Remote patient monitoring and telemedicine integration

Wearables allow doctors to check on patients from afar. This is particularly helpful for patients who live far from research centers or have mobility issues.

In a study of patients with Parkinson’s disease, wearable sensors were used to track movement patterns. This allowed researchers to measure the effectiveness of a new treatment more accurately than traditional methods (Espay et al., 2016).

Challenges and Limitations of Wearables in Clinical Trials

While wearables offer many benefits, they also come with some challenges.

Data privacy and security concerns

Hacker in a red hoodie

With so much personal health data being collected, keeping it safe is a top priority. Researchers need to ensure that patient information is protected from hackers and unauthorized access.

Regulatory hurdles and FDA approval processes

Getting new devices approved for use in clinical trials can be a long and complex process. The FDA has strict rules about what devices can be used and how data can be collected.

Integration with existing clinical trial systems

Many research centers have established systems for collecting and analyzing data. Integrating wearable data into these systems can be tricky and time-consuming, but can be overcome.

Potential for data overload and interpretation issues

Wearables can generate massive amounts of data. Sorting through all this information and making sense of it can be overwhelming for researchers.

One study found that while 79% of clinical trials were interested in using wearables, only 39% felt confident in their ability to manage and analyze the data effectively (Walton et al., 2015).

Best Practices to Incorporate Wearables in Clinical Trials

To make the most of wearables in clinical trials, researchers should follow these best practices.

Monitor attached to back of a woman's left shoulder

Select appropriate wearable devices for specific trial needs

Not all wearables are created equal. Researchers must choose devices that are scientifically relevant to the study’s endpoints and can gather precise, valid data. 

The goal is to collect meaningful information that significantly contributes to the study’s outcomes and conclusions, rather than just monitoring for the sake of it (Rudo & Dekie, 2024). For example, a sleep study might need a device with advanced sleep-tracking capabilities.

Ensure data quality and validation

It’s crucial to verify that the data collected by wearables is accurate and reliable. This often involves comparing wearable data with data from traditional medical devices.

Train participants and researchers on proper device use

Both patients and research staff need to know how to use the wearables correctly. Good training can improve data quality and reduce errors.

Develop robust data management and analysis protocols

With so much data coming in, having a solid plan for managing and analyzing it is essential. This may involve using specialized software or working with data scientists.

Steinhubl et al. (2018) researched how heart failure patients used wearable sensors to track daily activity. By carefully selecting devices and training participants, the researchers collected high-quality data leading to new insights about the progression of heart failure.

What’s next for wearables in clinical trials? Let’s take a peek.

Smart watch illustration in blue and red

AI and machine learning integration for data analysis

As the amount of data grows, artificial intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT) will play a bigger role in making sense of it all. AI can help spot patterns and trends that humans might miss.

Multi-modal sensors

Multi-modal sensors in wearables combine different types of sensors in one device to give a more complete picture of a patient’s health (Sietz, 2023). It can include body sensors, environmental sensors, and even imaging tech to gather a wide range of data for clinical studies.

Expanded use of wearables in decentralized clinical trials

More trials are moving away from traditional research centers. Wearables make it possible to conduct studies with patients in their own homes, opening up research to a wider group of people.

Potential for personalized medicine and treatment optimization

By collecting detailed, individual health data, wearables help tailor treatments to each patient’s unique needs.

Conclusion

Wearables are becoming an integral part of clinical trials, offering new insights into patient health and treatment efficacy. These smart devices are likely to greatly impact medical research, leading to faster, more efficient, and patient-centric clinical trials. Who knows–the next big medical breakthrough might come from a small device you can wear.

References

Coravos, A., Khozin, S., & Mandl, K. D. (2019). Developing and adopting safe and effective digital biomarkers to improve patient outcomes. NPJ digital medicine, 2(1), 1-5.

Espay, A. J., Bonato, P., Nahab, F. B., Maetzler, W., Dean, J. M., Klucken, J., … & Papapetropoulos, S. (2016). Technology in Parkinson’s disease: Challenges and opportunities. Movement Disorders, 31(9), 1272-1282.

Izmailova, E. S., Wagner, J. A., & Perakslis, E. D. (2018). Wearable Devices in Clinical Trials: Hype and Hypothesis. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 104(1), 42-52.

Marra, C., Chen, J. L., Coravos, A., & Stern, A. D. (2020). Quantifying the use of connected digital products in clinical research. NPJ digital medicine, 3(1), 50.

Seitz, S. (2023). Wearable sensors have already enhanced clinical trials and their impact in this market is only going to grow as technology advances. Find out what clinical trial applications and opportunities exist for your innovative wearable technology company. Sequenex. Retrieved from https://sequenex.com/blog/enhancing-clinical-trials-with-wearable-sensors-and-software-solutions/

Steinhubl, S. R., Waalen, J., Edwards, A. M., Ariniello, L. M., Mehta, R. R., Ebner, G. S., … & Topol, E. J. (2018). Effect of a home-based wearable continuous ECG monitoring patch on detection of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation: the mSToPS randomized clinical trial. Jama, 320(2), 146-155.

Todd Rudo, T., & Dekie, L. (2024). The Future Fit of Wearables for Patient-Centric Clinical Trials. Applied Clinical Trials, 33(4).

Walton, M. K., Powers, J. H., Hobart, J., Patrick, D., Marquis, P., Vamvakas, S., … & Burke, L. B. (2015). Clinical outcome assessments: conceptual foundation—report of the ISPOR Clinical Outcomes Assessment–Emerging Good Practices for Outcomes Research Task Force. Value in Health, 18(6), 741-752.

Wearable Technology Clinical Trials: All You Need To Know About 5 Wearable Devices And Wearable Sensors. Learning Labb Research Institute. (n.d.) Retrieved from https://llri.in/wearable-technology-clinical-trials/

Williams, K. (2023). The Future of Clinical Trials: Embracing Wearables and Beyond. Datacubed Health. Retrieved from https://www.datacubed.com/the-future-of-clinical-trials-embracing-wearables-and-beyond-2/

Chronic Pain Management Apps: The Best Digital Health Tools for Relief

Chronic Pain Management Apps: The Best Digital Health Tools for Relief

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

Living with chronic pain can be a daily struggle, affecting millions of people worldwide. According to the CDC, an estimated 20.9% of U.S. adults experienced chronic pain in 2021. Fortunately, technology has stepped in to offer innovative solutions, like chronic pain management apps.

These digital assistants are powerful, accessible tools to help pain sufferers track symptoms, manage medications, and find relief. In this article, we’ll discuss chronic pain management apps in detail, outlining the ways they can help improve quality of life for those who experience chronic pain.

Contents

Overview of chronic pain management

First, let’s take a look at the various digital tools available to help manage chronic pain.

Woman wearing a VR headset in a coworking space

Types of digital tools for chronic pain

Many digital tools on the market can help assess and treat chronic pain, and improve how patients access and engage with their care (Rejula et al., 2021):

  • Artificial Intelligence (AI): AI is being used more in healthcare, including for diagnosing and managing treatments. For chronic pain, AI can use data like breathing rate, oxygen levels, and heart rate to estimate pain levels and changes.
  • Remote Patient Monitoring (RPM): Tools like smartphone apps, sensors, and wearable devices can help doctors collect and track patient symptoms between appointments. 
  • Digital therapy: These are devices and methods that give patients frequent advice to improve their behaviors and habits. Most of these use an approach called cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
  • Virtual patient engagement: Digital communication tools can help patients be more involved in their care, no matter where they are.

Definition of chronic pain management apps

Senior woman with leg pain in chair

Chronic pain management apps are mobile applications that help people with chronic conditions like diabetes, cancer, and fibromyalgia track and control their pain. They serve as a digital companion, offering features like pain diaries, medication reminders, and educational resources. The main goal is to empower users to take control of their pain management, providing insights that can lead to better health outcomes.

How they’re different from general health apps

While general health apps focus on overall wellness, chronic pain management apps are tailored to address specific pain-related issues. They offer specialized tools like pain mapping and flare-up prediction, which are not typically found in standard health apps.

Key features and functions

Timed pill box

Chronic pain management apps come packed with features to make pain management easier:

  • Pain tracking: Users can log pain episodes, noting intensity, location, and triggers. This helps in identifying patterns and potential triggers.

  • Medication management: Apps often include reminders to take medication, ensuring adherence to prescribed treatments.

  • Educational resources: Many apps offer information on pain management techniques, such as deep breathing exercises and guided meditation.

  • Integration with wearables: Some apps sync with wearable devices to provide real-time data on physical activity and sleep patterns.

Benefits of using digital tools for pain management

Why should you consider using these apps? Here are some benefits:

  • Improved self-management: By tracking pain and related factors, users gain insights into their condition, leading to better management.

  • Better communication: Sharing app data with doctors can lead to more informed treatment decisions.

  • Convenience: Having a digital tool at your fingertips means you can manage your pain anytime, anywhere.

Top Features of Effective Pain Management Apps

When choosing a pain management app, certain features can make a big difference in how well it works. Let’s explore what to look for.

Elderly hands on smartwatch

Pain tracking 

Effective apps allow users to log pain episodes in detail. This includes noting the intensity, duration, and location of pain, as well as potential triggers. A study found that detailed pain tracking can help users identify patterns and adjust their management strategies accordingly (Zhao et al., 2019).

Medication reminders and management

Medication adherence (taking your meds as prescribed) is crucial in pain management. Apps with reminder features ensure users take their medication on time, reducing the risk of missed doses and improving overall treatment effectiveness.

Customizable pain scales and body maps

Customizable features allow users to personalize their pain assessment. This means they can adjust pain scales to better reflect their experiences and use body maps to pinpoint pain locations accurately.

Integration with wearable devices 

Integration with wearables provides real-time data on various health metrics, such as heart rate and activity levels. This data can offer insights into how lifestyle factors affect pain, allowing for more informed management decisions.

Let’s take a closer look at some of the most popular chronic pain management apps available today. These apps offer various features to help users track, manage, and understand their pain better.

Note: Prices listed in this section are accurate as of August 2024. Visit the app’s website to confirm their current pricing.

1. Pathways Pain Relief

Pathways app
Source: Pathways

Pathways Pain Relief is a web-based app created by chronic pain sufferers and pain specialists at Pathway. It aims to help users manage their pain through mind-body therapies and comprehensive pain education.

Key Features:

  • Mind-body pain therapy program

  • Meditation and mindfulness exercises

  • Physical therapy area

  • Pain and wellbeing tracking
ProsCons
Comprehensive approach to pain managementWeb-based only (no mobile app)
Created by pain sufferers and specialistsRequires internet connection
High user rating (4.6/5)

Cost: $79 (flat fee).

Use case

A chronic pain patient looking for a holistic approach to pain management, combining physical therapy, mindfulness, and pain education.

To learn more, visit:

Pathways Pain Relief

2. Curable

Curable app
Source: Curable

Curable is available on iOS, Android, and web platforms. It was founded by three individuals who recovered from chronic pain and now aim to help others access similar treatments.

Key Features:

  • Mind-body pain therapy program

  • Meditation and mindfulness area

  • Chatbot for personalized guidance
ProsCons
Available on multiple platformsLower user rating compared to some competitors (4.2/5)
Personalized guidance through chat bot
Founded by chronic pain recovery stories

Cost: $11.99 per month.

Use case

Someone interested in exploring mind-body connections in pain management, with a preference for guided, personalized experiences.

To learn more, visit:

Curable

3. Manage My Pain

Manage My Pain app
Source: Managing Life

Manage My Pain, an app created by Managing Life, is available on iOS, Android, and web platforms. It focuses on detailed pain tracking and analysis to help users understand their pain patterns.

Key Features:

  • Comprehensive tracking of pain and well-being

  • Export statistics for healthcare providers

  • Easy-to-read charts and graphs
ProsCons
Detailed pain tracking capabilitiesMay be overwhelming for users seeking simpler solutions
Shareable reports for healthcare providers
High user rating (4.4/5)

Cost: $4.99 per month for reports and educational content.

Use case

A patient who wants to keep detailed records of their pain experiences to share with their healthcare team and identify patterns over time.

To learn more, visit:

Manage My Pain

4. Migraine Buddy

Migraine Buddy app
Source: Migraine Buddy

Migraine Buddy, developed by Aptar Digital Health, is specifically designed for migraine sufferers. Available on iOS and Android, it helps users track and manage their headache and migraine symptoms.

Feedback on Migraine Buddy says the app is great for people with migraines (Gamwell et al, 2021). It lets users share info with doctors, track what causes their migraines, and what helps relieve them. It can also calculate how much migraines affect a person’s daily life. 

Key Features:

  • Migraine tracking and analysis

  • Community support features

  • Educational resources on migraines
ProsCons
Specialized for migraine sufferersNot suitable for other types of chronic pain
Strong community support
Very high user rating (4.6/5)

Cost: $0 for MigraineBuddy; $12.99 per month or $89.99 per year for MBplus.

Use case

A migraine sufferer looking to track their symptoms, identify triggers, and connect with others who have similar experiences.

To learn more, visit:

MigraineBuddy

5. CareClinic

CareClinic app
Source: CareClinic

CareClinic is available on iOS and Android. It offers a comprehensive approach to symptom tracking and treatment planning.

Key Features:

  • Symptom and treatment goal tracking

  • Daily habit monitoring

  • Medication and appointment reminders
ProsCons
Comprehensive tracking of symptoms and treatmentsMay require significant time investment for data entry
Goal-setting features
High user rating (4.6/5)

Cost: Free; they also have monthly and annual plans for premium features.

Use case

A patient managing multiple chronic conditions who needs to track various symptoms, medications, and treatments in one place.

To learn more, visit:

CareClinic

6. PainScale

PainScale app

Boston Scientific Corporation created PainScale, a highly-rated pain management app with a range of features for tracking and managing chronic pain, and educational articles. It’s available on iOS, Android, and the web. 

Gamwell et al (2021) noted that PainScale includes the very helpful techniques for managing pain, and is easy to use for various types of chronic pain. It has a daily diary where users can track their symptoms, triggers, and medications, and can be share this info with doctors. 

Key Features:

  • Pain tracking and analysis

  • Personalized pain management plans

  • Educational resources
ProsCons
Comprehensive pain management featuresLimited information available about cons
Personalized approach
High quality score in research studies

Cost: Free

Use case

A chronic pain patient looking for a well-rounded app that combines tracking, personalized plans, and education.

To learn more, visit:

PainScale

How to Choose the Right Pain Management App

Selecting the right app can be overwhelming. With so many options available, how do you pick the right app for your needs? Here’s how to make an informed choice.

Woman holding her temples

Assess your specific needs and pain conditions

Start by evaluating your specific pain conditions. Are you dealing with neuropathic pain, or is it more related to a chronic condition? Choose an app that offers features tailored to your needs.

Consider ease of use

An app should be easy to navigate. Look for a user-friendly interface that allows you to access features quickly and efficiently.

Review data privacy and security features

Data privacy is crucial. Ensure the app complies with relevant data protection regulations and offers secure data storage.

Check compatibility with other devices

Make sure the app is compatible with your smartphone, tablet, or wearable devices. Compatibility ensures seamless integration and use.

When comparing these apps, consider what features are most important to you. Do you prefer detailed tracking, or is community support more valuable? Each app offers unique benefits, so choose one that aligns with your needs. Remember to consult with your healthcare provider about incorporating these tools into your overall pain management plan.

Integrating Apps into Your Pain Management Plan

Once you’ve chosen an app, the next step is to make it a regular part of your pain management routine.

Man holding his knee in pain

Work with healthcare providers to use app data effectively

Share app data with your healthcare provider. This collaboration can lead to more informed treatment decisions and better pain management outcomes.

Combine app use with other pain management strategies

Apps should complement, not replace, other pain management strategies. Combine app use with physical therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes for optimal results.

Set realistic expectations for app benefits

Understand that while apps are helpful tools, they are not a cure-all. Set realistic expectations for what an app can achieve in managing your pain.

Tips for consistent app usage and data logging

Consistency is key. Regularly update the app with accurate information to track your progress and adjust your management strategies as needed.

Chronic pain management apps offer a ray of hope for those grappling with persistent pain. These digital tools empower users to take an active role in their pain management, providing valuable insights and support. However, these apps shouldn’t replace professional medical advice. 

By choosing the right app and integrating it into your overall pain management strategy, you can gain a better understanding of your condition and find more effective ways to cope. Embrace these technological advancements and take the first step towards a more manageable pain experience.

References

FDA Authorizes Marketing of Virtual Reality System for Chronic Pain Reduction. (2021). U.S. Food and Drug Adminstration. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-authorizes-marketing-virtual-reality-system-chronic-pain-reduction

Gamwell, K. L., Kollin, S. R., Gibler, R. C., Bedree, H., Bieniak, K. H., Jagpal, A., Tran, S. T., Hommel, K. A., & Ramsey, R. R. (2021). Systematic evaluation of commercially available pain management apps examining behavior change techniques. Pain; 162(3), 856. doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002090

Orlovich Pain MD. (n.d.). The Power of Pain Management Apps: A New Frontier in Chronic Pain Relief. Retrieved from https://orlovichpainmd.com/the-power-of-pain-management-apps-a-new-frontier-in-chronic-pain-relief/ 

Rejula, V., Anitha, J., Belfin, R. V., & Peter, J. D. (2021). Chronic Pain Treatment and Digital Health Era-An Opinion. Frontiers in Public Health; 9, 779328. doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.779328

Rikard, S. M., Stahan, A. E., Schmit, K. M., & Guy Jr., G. P. (2023). Chronic Pain Amonf Adults – United States, 2019-2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2023;72:379–385. dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7215a1. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7215a1.htm

Zhao, P., Yoo, I., Lancey, R., & Varghese, E. (2019). Mobile applications for pain management: An app analysis for clinical usage. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making; 19. doi.org/10.1186/s12911-019-0827-7

Prescription Digital Therapeutics: The Future of Digital Health Solutions

Prescription Digital Therapeutics: The Future of Digital Health Solutions

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

The global market for prescription digital therapeutics (PDT) is expected to grow to $17.16 billion by 2030. This growth is mainly due to the affordability of digital health technology for both healthcare providers and patients, as well as the increasing use of smartphones in both developed and developing countries.

In this article, we’ll describe PDT, its applications, benefits, and challenges.

Contents

What Are Prescription Digital Therapeutics?

Prescription digital therapeutics (PDTs) are a new class of medical interventions that leverage software to treat, manage, or prevent diseases and disorders. Unlike typical health apps, PDTs require a prescription from a healthcare provider and are subject to rigorous regulatory scrutiny.

According to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), prescription digital therapeutics are medical devices, also called Software as a Medical Device (SaMD). The FDA review of prescription digital therapeutics is the same as the process the FDA uses to review medical devices. 

Definition and key characteristics of PDTs

PDTs are software-based treatments delivered through mobile devices, designed to address the behavioral and psychological aspects of various health conditions. These digital tools are developed based on scientific evidence and aim to provide therapeutic benefits comparable to traditional medical treatments (Phan et al., 2023). 

Source: Avalere

Examples of prescription digital therapeutics developers

This chart from Blue Matter Consulting (2023) lists 154 PDT companies.

Source: Blue Matter

How PDTs differ from wellness apps and other digital health tools

While wellness apps focus on general health and fitness, PDTs are designed to treat specific medical conditions. PDTs undergo clinical trials, and are subject to stringent regulatory processes to ensure they meet high standards of safety and effectiveness. This regulatory oversight differentiates PDTs from other digital health tools, which may not require such rigorous evaluation.

The PDT regulatory framework 

The FDA plays a critical role in the approval of PDTs. These therapeutics must demonstrate clinical efficacy and safety through rigorous trials before receiving FDA clearance. This process ensures that PDTs meet the same standards as traditional pharmaceuticals, providing healthcare providers and patients with confidence in their use (Phan et al., 2023).

The Science Behind Prescription Digital Therapeutics

PDTs are grounded in scientific research and evidence-based practices to ensure their effectiveness in treating various health conditions.

Evidence-based approaches used in PDTs

PDTs incorporate evidence-based approaches to help patients change their behaviors and manage symptoms effectively, such as: 

For instance, CBT-based PDTs can help identify and change negative thought patterns, improving mental health outcomes. A study on a PDT for opioid use disorder found it improved retention in treatment by 76% at 12 weeks compared to treatment as usual (Brezing & Brixner, 2022). 

Clinical trials and efficacy studies supporting PDTs

Lab worker

Clinical trials are essential for validating the efficacy of PDTs. These studies assess the therapeutic outcomes of PDTs compared to traditional treatments. 

For example, trials have shown PDTs can be effective in managing substance use disorders and chronic insomnia, providing real-world evidence of their clinical benefits (Brezing & Brixner, 2022).

Applications of Prescription Digital Therapeutics

PDTs offer promising solutions across a range of medical conditions, providing tailored interventions for diverse patient needs.

Mental health conditions

Therapist and patient talking on couch

PDTs are increasingly used to treat mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In a randomized controlled trial, a PDT for depression reduced symptoms by 45.6% compared to 17.4% with usual treatment (Phan et al., 2023).

These digital tools provide accessible and scalable interventions, often with CBT techniques to help patients manage symptoms and improve their quality of life.

Chronic diseases

For chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension, PDTs offer personalized management strategies. They enable continuous monitoring and data analysis, facilitating timely adjustments to treatment plans and improving patient outcomes (Phan et al., 2023).

A PDT for type 2 diabetes led to a 1.1% reduction in HbA1c levels after 6 months in a clinical trial (Phan et al., 2023).

Substance use disorders and addiction treatment

Woman sitting with hands clasped

PDTs are particularly effective in treating substance use disorders, offering structured programs that support recovery. They provide patients with tools to manage cravings and develop healthier coping mechanisms, contributing to sustained recovery. 

A couple of examples:

  • Research with 1,758 patients using a PDT for substance use disorder showed 64.1% abstinence at 12 months (Brezing & Brixner, 2022).
  • A PDT for alcohol use disorder resulted in 63% of patients reducing heavy drinking days compared to 32% receiving standard treatment (Rassi-Cruz et al., 2022).

Neurological disorders

Conditions such as ADHD and insomnia can benefit from PDTs, which offer targeted interventions to manage symptoms and improve daily functioning. For instance, PDTs for insomnia often include sleep hygiene education and relaxation techniques to enhance sleep quality.

Benefits of Prescription Digital Therapeutics

PDTs offer numerous advantages that enhance patient care and healthcare delivery.

Improved accessibility to treatment

PDTs make healthcare more accessible by providing treatments that can be delivered remotely via mobile devices. This is particularly beneficial for individuals in underserved areas or those with mobility challenges, ensuring they receive timely care.

Personalized and adaptive interventions

PDTs can be tailored to individual patient needs, offering adaptive interventions that evolve based on real-time data. This personalization enhances treatment effectiveness and patient satisfaction (Phan et al., 2023).

Real-time data collection and analysis

The ability to collect and analyze data in real-time allows healthcare providers to monitor patient progress continuously. PDTs can collect patient data continuously, providing 1440 data points per day compared to 1-4 from traditional in-person visits. This facilitates early detection of issues and enables proactive adjustments to treatment plans, improving overall outcomes (Phan et al., 2023).

Reduced healthcare costs

By providing effective and scalable interventions, PDTs have the potential to reduce healthcare costs. They can decrease the need for in-person visits and hospitalizations, making them a cost-effective alternative to traditional treatments. For example, an economic analysis estimated PDTs could save $2,150 per patient per year for opioid use disorder treatment (Brezing & Brixner, 2022).

Challenges and Limitations of PDTs

Despite their benefits, PDTs face several challenges that must be addressed to maximize their potential.

Doctor showing a patient an app in green

Federal regulation lags behind software development

Digital therapeutics (DTx) are mobile medical apps that use new tech like artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR). They’re always changing, with new versions coming out every few months, which makes them hard to regulate. 

DTx Products 2015-2021 with Regulatory Status

A problem with a DTx app could hurt someone’s health, so to keep DTx safe for consumers without stopping progress, software companies need to self-regulate–find ways to reduce risks and follow ethical rules on their own to help patients and build trust with their doctors.

One way to self-regulate is to involve clinicians in app development. Doctors know what patients need and can spot potential problems. But surprisingly, most health apps are made without input from medical experts. A study found only 20% of health apps included input from health professionals during development (Rassi-Cruz et al., 2022). 

Data privacy and security concerns

The collection and storage of sensitive health data raise significant privacy and security concerns. Ensuring robust data protection measures is crucial to maintaining patient trust and compliance with regulations (Phan et al., 2023).

Integration with existing healthcare systems

Integrating PDTs into existing healthcare infrastructures can be complex. Seamless integration is necessary to ensure that PDTs complement traditional treatments and fit within the broader healthcare ecosystem.

Patient adherence and engagement

Black man using his blood pressure monitor at home

Maintaining patient engagement with PDTs can be challenging. 

For example, take mental health apps that use CBT or provide feedback through wearables like smartwatches. While helpful, these apps often aren’t covered by insurance, and patients may pay out-of-pocket. They often give up if they don’t see quick results. 

Ensuring that patients adhere to prescribed digital therapies is essential for achieving desired outcomes, requiring strategies to enhance motivation and commitment. Pharmacists can help by encouraging patients to stick with the apps and complete all modules (Pharmacy Times, 2024).

Reimbursement and insurance coverage issues

Securing reimbursement for PDTs remains a hurdle, as insurance companies may be hesitant to cover these relatively new treatments. Establishing clear guidelines and demonstrating cost-effectiveness may help overcome this barrier.

The Future of Prescription Digital Therapeutics

The future of PDTs is promising, with advancements in technology and expanding applications poised to enhance their impact on healthcare.

overlay with doctor and pill bottle

Emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning are set to make a big change in PDTs. These innovations can enhance personalization and predictive capabilities, improving treatment outcomes and patient experiences.

Potential for combination therapies

Combining PDTs with traditional treatments offers a holistic approach to healthcare. This synergy can enhance therapeutic outcomes by addressing multiple aspects of a patient’s condition, providing comprehensive care (Phan et al., 2023).

Expanding applications in preventive care and wellness

PDTs hold potential for preventive care by identifying and addressing health risks early. Their application in wellness can promote healthier lifestyles and prevent the onset of chronic diseases, contributing to improved public health.

Conclusion

In digital health, PDTs offer promising avenues for improving patient outcomes, increasing access to care, and potentially reducing healthcare costs. While challenges remain, the growing body of evidence supporting PDTs suggests that they will play an increasingly important role in the future of healthcare delivery. 

As patients, healthcare providers, and policymakers alike embrace these innovative tools, we can look forward to a more personalized, accessible, and effective approach to managing a wide range of health conditions.

References

Bashran, E. (2024). Prescription Digital Therapeutics: Devices. HealthAffairs. Retrieved from

https://www.healthaffairs.org/doi/10.1377/hlthaff.2024.00159

Brezing, C. A., & Brixner, D. I. (2022). The Rise of Prescription Digital Therapeutics In Behavioral Health. Journal of Behavioral Health; 11(4), 1-10. doi: 10.1007/s12325-022-02320-0 

Global Prescription Digital Therapeutics (PDTx) Market – Industry Trends and Forecast to 2030. (2023). Data Bridge Market Research. Retrieved from https://www.databridgemarketresearch.com/reports/global-prescription-digital-therapeutics-dtx-market

Liesch, J., Volgina, D. Nessim, C., Murphy, D., & Samson, C. (2023). Blue Matter Consulting. Retrieved from https://bluematterconsulting.com/prescription-digital-therapeutics-us-market-outlook-2023/

Phan, P., Mitragotri, S., & Zhao, Z. (2023). Digital therapeutics in the clinic. Bioengineering & Translational Medicine; 8(4), e10536. doi:10.1002/btm2.10536. 

Prescription Digital Therapeutics Bring New Treatments to Healthcare. (2021). Avalere Health. Retrieved from https://avalere.com/insights/prescription-digital-therapeutics-bring-new-treatments-to-healthcare

Prescription Digital Therapeutics for Mental Health: Effectiveness, Challenges, and Future Trends. (2024). Pharmacy Times. Retrieved from https://www.pharmacytimes.com/view/prescription-digital-therapeutics-for-mental-health-effectiveness-challenges-and-future-trends

Rassi-Cruz, M., Valente, F., & Caniza, M. V. (2022). Digital therapeutics and the need for regulation: How to develop products that are innovative, patient-centric and safe. Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome; 14. doi.org/10.1186/s13098-022-00818-9 

Wang, C. Lee, C. & Shin, H. (2023). Digital therapeutics from bench to bedside. npj Digital Medicine; 6(1), 1-10. doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00777-z

Health App Gamification: Making Your Wellness Journey Fun

Health App Gamification: Making Your Wellness Journey Fun

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

Did you know that 71% of people using fitness apps abandon them within 3 months? These apps may lack health app gamification – health trackers with fun, competitive elements to keep us motivated and on track with our goals. 

In this article, we’ll discuss how gamification is making health apps more engaging, effective, and enjoyable.

Contents

What is Health App Gamification?

Definition of gamification in the context of health apps

Gamification aims to make a website or app fun and motivate people to use it. This is done by employing elements from successful popular games and classical principles of human behavior. 

In health apps, gamification in health apps involves incorporating game-like elements into non-gaming contexts to enhance user engagement and motivation. 

This strategy approach uses the fun and competitive aspects of games to promote healthier habits. By integrating features like points, badges, and leaderboards, health apps aim to make achieving wellness goals more enjoyable and rewarding.

Elements of gamified health apps

Source: Pragmatic Coders

Mechanics are gamified elements in the app that users can see and interact with. Some game elements included in these apps include:

  • Points: Users earn points for completing tasks, such as logging workouts or reaching step goals. These points can be used to unlock new levels or rewards.

  • Rewards and Badges: Achievements are recognized with badges, providing users with a sense of accomplishment and motivation to continue their healthy habits.

  • Leaderboards and Ratings: Users can see how they rank against others, fostering a sense of competition and community.

  • Progress Bars: A measurement of success toward a goal.

  • Simulations: Used to upgrade clinicians’ and researchers’ technical skills, monitoring, and medical procedures, and showing visual health-related consequences for patients.

How gamification taps into human psychology for motivation

Gamification taps into motivation from intrinsic (inner) and extrinsic (outside) sources by providing immediate feedback and rewards. The sense of progress and achievement encourages users to stick with their health routines. 

For example, earning a badge for completing a week of workouts can boost a user’s confidence and drive to maintain their exercise regimen. This approach leverages psychological principles such as the desire for mastery and social recognition, making health goals more attainable and engaging (Gkintoni et al., 2024; Berger & Jung, 2024).

Dynamics and aesthetics in apps

Dynamics in health apps are what keep users interested. They:

  • Set and track goals

  • Give out rewards

  • Provide quick feedback

  • Let users customize their experience

  • Make the app interactive

These features help keep people engaged and motivated to use the app and work on their health goals.

Aesthetics are the emotional effects that gaming elements bring out, like curiosity, motivation, fun, connection, and winning. It’s also about the look and feel of the app. 

Use cases for health app gamification

Source: Digital Doughnut

The most popular health areas using healthcare app gamification are:

  • Medication and chronic conditions

  • Fitness

  • Physical therapy

  • Mental health

  • Pediatrics

Healthcare use cases for gamification include:

  • Having users do specific exercises to treat ailments

  • Completing competitive milestones

  • Sharing progress with other users

Benefits of Gamified Health Apps

Now that we know what health app gamification is, let’s explore why it’s so effective.

Increased engagement and retention

Gamified health apps keep users engaged by making health activities fun and interactive. Features like daily challenges and quests encourage regular app use, increasing retention rates. People are more likely to stick with an app that provides a sense of accomplishment and community.

Enhanced motivation for reaching health goals

By setting clear goals and providing rewards, gamified apps motivate users to pursue their health objectives. Whether it’s losing weight, building muscle, or improving mental health, the game-like structure helps users stay focused and committed.

Note that all rewards aren’t created equal. For instance, one study with three groups of nutrition app users had different preferences (Berger & Jung, 2024):

  • Older men who like routines prefer coupons and points.

  • Mid-30s women who are open to new things prefer progress bars and leaderboards.

  • People with high self-worth prefer progress bars and goals, but dislike social features.

These preferences relate to personality traits and demographics.

Social support and accountability through competition

Leaderboards and social sharing features create a sense of community and accountability. Users can compete with friends or join groups to tackle challenges together, fostering a supportive environment that encourages continued participation.

Improved health outcomes and behavior change

People often quit forming healthy habits over time. They may start off excited and invest a lot, but give up when the initial thrill fades.

Gamification helps with adherence to healthy habits because it:

  • Offers a path to goals with small time investments

  • Reinforces new behaviors along the way

  • Allows a gradual increase in effort once habits are formed

  • Keeps people motivated and committed

Studies have shown that gamification can lead to significant behavior changes and improved health outcomes. By making healthy habits more appealing, users are more likely to adopt and maintain them over time. For instance, nutrition apps using gamification have been effective in promoting healthier eating habits (Berger & Jung, 2024).

In short, gamification makes it easier to start and stick with healthy habits by breaking the process into fun, manageable steps. It helps overcome the common problem of people giving up when things get tough, by keeping them engaged and slowly building up their efforts over time.

To better understand how these apps work, let’s look at some of their key features.

Boy wins his computer game using health app gamification

Virtual rewards and achievements

Virtual rewards such as badges and trophies recognize user accomplishments, providing a sense of achievement and encouraging continued engagement. These rewards can be shared on social media, boosting user motivation through social recognition.

Challenges and quests

Challenges and quests offer users specific tasks to complete, such as a 30-day fitness challenge. These features provide structure and goals, making it easier for users to stay on track with their health objectives.

Progress tracking and visual representations

Visual progress tracking, such as graphs and charts, helps users see their improvements over time. This feature reinforces positive behavior by showing tangible results, motivating users to continue their efforts.

Social sharing and community building

Social features allow users to share their achievements and progress with friends and family. This creates a sense of community and support, which can be crucial for maintaining motivation and accountability.

Wearables and health apps

Person on scale with phone app

Mobile apps and wearable gadgets with game-like features also make health fun. These tools help people enjoy working out, eating better, and keeping track of their progress.  Fitness trackers and smartwatches, let users set goals, count steps, check their heart rate, and get personal tips.

Augmented and virtual reality

Woman wearing a VR headset in a coworking space

Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) are two technologies that can make you feel like you’re in another world, or add digital elements to what you see. They’re also helpful to make patients feel better and teach clinicians new skills.

Top Gamified Health Apps in the Market

With all these benefits and features in mind, you might be wondering which apps to try.

Overview of leading apps using gamification

Several health apps use gamification to enhance engagement. They’ve gained popularity for their innovative use of game mechanics:

  • Fitbit: Offers activity tracking and challenges, appealing to fitness enthusiasts.

  • Gluroo: For diabetes management.

  • Headspace: Guided meditatons and other features to improve mental health and wellbeing.

  • Mango Health: Reminds and motivates patients to take their medications as prescribed.

  • MyFitnessPal: Focuses on nutrition tracking with a large food database to help those who want to improve their diet and/or lose weight.

  • Zombies, Run!: Combines storytelling with running, attracting users who enjoy immersive experiences.

User reviews and success stories

Woman wins computer game - health app gamification

Users often praise these apps for making health activities more enjoyable and motivating. Success stories highlight significant weight loss, improved fitness levels, and better overall health, demonstrating the effectiveness of gamified health apps.

Designing Effective Health App Gamification

To create a successful gamified health app, consider more than just adding fun elements—it also requires careful planning and consideration.

Balance between fun and health goals

Designing a gamified health app requires balancing entertainment with health objectives. The app should be engaging without distracting from the main goal of improving health.

Personalization and adaptability

Personalization is key to keeping users engaged. Apps should offer customizable goals and challenges to cater to individual preferences and fitness levels. Adaptability ensures that users remain motivated as they progress.

Regulatory and ethical considerations (like addiction)

The FDA oversees health-related software as medical devices, referred to as “software as a medical device.” Games that help with diseases might need approval and doctor supervision. The FDA is working on a new plan to focus on digital health products that could be risky for patients.

Beware of addictive behavior

While gamification can enhance motivation, it’s important to avoid creating addictive behaviors, like “internet gaming disorder.” So health apps need to set fair goals. 

For example, step goals should match a person’s health and abilities. Setting goals too high can cause stress and be harmful. The aim should be to motivate, not manipulate. Good health apps respect users’ choices and clearly explain how they use game-like features to help.

Because of these concerns, experts think these apps should be tested for safety before people can use them. Developers should focus on promoting healthy habits without encouraging excessive app use or dependency.

Maximizing Your Experience with Gamified Health Apps

Now that you know what to look for in a gamified health app, here are some tips to get the most out of your experience.

Setting realistic goals and expectations

It’s important to set achievable goals that align with your lifestyle and fitness level. Realistic expectations prevent frustration and help maintain motivation.

Engaging with the app’s community features

Participating in community features, such as forums or group challenges, provides additional support and accountability. Engaging with others can enhance your experience and keep you motivated.

Combining app use with real-world activities

While gamified apps are a valuable tool, combining them with real-world activities can enhance your health journey. For example, use a fitness app to track outdoor runs or join a local sports team for social interaction.

Tracking progress and celebrating milestones

Regularly tracking your progress and celebrating milestones can boost motivation and reinforce positive behavior. Acknowledge your achievements and use them as motivation to continue your health journey.

Conclusion

Health app gamification can make the journey to our wellness goals more fun. By incorporating game-like elements, these apps make health activities more rewarding, which can lead to improved health outcomes and sustained behavior change. Whether you’re looking to improve your fitness, diet, or mental health, gamified health apps provide a fun and effective way to achieve your goals.

Ready to level up your health game? Download a gamified health app today and start your fun-filled path to better wellness!

References

Berger, M., & Jung, C. Gamification preferences in nutrition apps: Toward healthier diets and food choices. Digital Health; 10. doi.org/10.1177/20552076241260482

Gamification in Healthcare: Increase Loyalty and Motivation Among Your Patients and Medical Professinoals. (n.d.). Emerline. Retrieved from https://emerline.com/blog/gamification-in-healthcare

Gkintoni, E., Vantaraki, F., Skoulidi, C., Anastassopoulos, P., & Vantarakis, A. (2024). Promoting Physical and Mental Health among Children and Adolescents via Gamification—A Conceptual Systematic Review. Behavioral Sciences; 14(2). doi.org/10.3390/bs14020102

Golovnia, S. (2024). How to (And Why You Should) Incorporate Gamification into Your Mental Health Care App. SF AppWorks. Retrieved from https://www.sfappworks.com/blogs/incorporating-gamification-into-your-mental-health-care-app

Lech, E. (2024). Gamification in healthcare: Short guide for app founders. Pragmatic Coders. Retrieved from https://www.pragmaticcoders.com/blog/gamification-in-healthcare-short-guide-for-app-founders

Legourd, J. (2022). The Gamification of Healthcare: Emergence of the Digital Practitioner? Elfie.  Retrieved from https://www.elfie.co/knowledge/the-gamification-of-healthcare-emergence-of-the-digital-practitioner

Megan, S. (2022). Gamification in Healthcare Apps: Use Cases & Amazing Benefits. Digital Doughnut. Retrieved from https://www.digitaldoughnut.com/articles/2022/september-2022/gamification-in-healthcare-apps-use-cases

Milioto, M. (2024). 159 Key Fitness App Stats for 2024: Trends by Age, Market & More. Dr. Muscle. Retrieved from https://dr-muscle.com/fitness-app-stats/

Pavlov, I. (2023). 3 Main Components of Gamification to engage users in Health Apps. Nozomi. Retrieved from  https://nozomihealth.com/3-main-components-of-gamification-to-engage-users-in-health-apps/

Shukla, A. (2023). Gamification Tricks from Psychology. Cognition Today. Retrieved from https://cognitiontoday.com/gamification-tricks-from-psychology/

Suk, J. (2024). How Can Gamification Be Used in the Healthcare Industry? HurixDigital. Retrieved from https://www.hurix.com/how-can-gamification-be-used-in-the-healthcare-industry/

Terehin, A. Gamification in Healthcare: Benefits, Trends & Examples. (2024). Agente. Retrieved from https://agentestudio.com/blog/healthcare-app-gamification

The Future of Telehealth: Trends and Predictions for 2025 and Beyond

The Future of Telehealth: Trends and Predictions for 2025 and Beyond

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic sparked a 78% uptick in telehealth usage. As we look to the future, telehealth is poised to become an integral part of healthcare delivery. 

This article explores the exciting innovations and trends that will shape the future of telehealth, promising to enhance patient care, improve accessibility, and streamline healthcare operations.

To understand the future of telehealth, we first need to look at the new technologies that are changing how we provide care.

Contents

Emerging Technologies in Telehealth

The future of telehealth is closely tied to advancements in technology. Several cutting-edge innovations are set to reshape virtual care in the coming years.

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in diagnostics

Phone with chatbot conversation

AI and machine learning (ML) can analyze large amounts of medical data to assist healthcare providers in making more accurate diagnoses and treatment recommendations.

For example, AI-powered diagnostic tools can examine medical images like X-rays or MRIs and flag potential issues for review by human doctors. 

AI chatbots are also being developed to conduct initial patient screenings and triage. These chatbots can ask patients about their symptoms and medical history, then direct them to appropriate care options whether that’s a virtual doctor visit, in-person visit, or emergency services.

Internet of Medical Things for remote patient monitoring

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) refers to connected medical devices and applications that can collect and transmit health data. This technology enables continuous remote monitoring of patients’ vital signs and other health metrics.

Some examples of IoMT devices include:

5G networks enabling real-time, high-quality video visits

The rollout of 5G networks dramatically improves the quality and reliability of video-based telehealth services. 5G offers much faster data speeds and lower latency compared to 4G networks.

In fact, 5G technology can reduce video latency to less than 2 milliseconds, enabling real-time interaction during virtual doctor visits comparable to in-person visits.

For telehealth, this means:

  • Higher-quality video and audio for virtual visits

  • The ability to transmit large medical files like MRIs quickly

  • More reliable connections in rural or remote areas

  • Support for bandwidth-intensive applications like augmented reality

Take a look at a diagram that shows how connected medical devices interoperate across different systems (Deloitte, 2021).

How connected medical devices interoperate across different systems
Source: Deloitte

Virtual and augmented reality applications in telemedicine

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have exciting potential applications in telehealth:

For instance, a 2018 study in the Journal of Visualized Experiments found that VR-based physical therapy for stroke patients greatly improved upper limb function compared to conventional therapy (Choi & Paik, 2018).

While technology is important, telehealth’s real strength is in making specialized care available to more people.

Expanding Access to Specialized Care

One of telehealth’s greatest promises is improving access to specialized medical care, especially for underserved populations.

Telepsychiatry bridging the mental health treatment gap

Mental health care has long suffered from accessibility issues, with many areas facing severe shortages of psychiatrists and therapists. Telepsychiatry is helping to bridge this gap.

A 2016 study in the World Journal of Psychiatry found that telepsychiatry was as effective as in-person care for treating depression, with the added benefit of increased patient satisfaction and engagement (Hubley et al., 2016).

Telepsychiatry is particularly valuable for:

  • Rural communities with few local mental health providers

  • Patients with mobility issues or transportation barriers

  • People seeking specialized treatments not available locally

  • Those who prefer the privacy and convenience of at-home care

Remote visits with specialists for rural and underserved areas

Telehealth is bringing specialized medical expertise to areas that previously had little or no access. This includes:

  • Remote dermatology visits using high-resolution images

  • Virtual neurology assessments for stroke patients

  • Tele-oncology services for cancer patients in rural areas

School-based telehealth programs improving pediatric care

School-based telehealth programs are emerging as a powerful tool for improving children’s health, especially in underserved communities. These programs typically involve:

Halterman et al (2017) found that school-based telehealth programs reduced emergency department visits and improved asthma outcomes for children in rural communities.

Virtual second opinions from leading medical experts

Telehealth is making it easier for patients to get second opinions from top specialists, regardless of geographic location. This can be particularly valuable for complex or rare conditions.

Several major medical centers now offer formal virtual second opinion programs. For example, the Mayo Clinic’s eConsults program provides written second opinions from Mayo Clinic specialists based on a review of medical records and test results.

Telehealth is also changing how we approach personalized care and monitoring for patients.

Personalized Medicine and Remote Monitoring

The integration of telehealth with other digital health technologies is enabling more personalized and proactive care.

Wearable devices for continuous health tracking

Monitor attached to back of a woman's left shoulder

Wearable devices like smartwatches and fitness trackers are increasingly being used for medical monitoring. These devices can track:

  • Heart rate and rhythm

  • Blood oxygen levels

  • Sleep patterns

  • Physical activity levels

  • Stress indicators

This continuous data collection allows for more comprehensive health monitoring between doctor visits.

Monitoring services are poised to continue incredible growth over the next several years, as depicted in the following chart (Gupta, 2024).

Source: Appinventiv

AI-powered predictive analytics for early intervention

By analyzing data from wearables, electronic health records (EHRs), and other sources, AI algorithms can predict health risks and recommend early interventions.

Some applications can help clinicians to:

  • Predict heart attacks or strokes based on subtle changes in vital signs

  • Identify patients at risk of developing diabetes

  • Forecast mental health crises based on behavioral patterns

Genomics and telehealth integration for tailored treatments

genetic markers

The combination of telehealth and genomic medicine is opening up new possibilities for personalized treatment plans. Patients can now receive genetic counseling and testing remotely, with results informing tailored treatment recommendations.

For example, pharmacogenomic testing can help determine which medications are likely to be most effective for a particular patient based on their genetic profile. 

Remote medication management and adherence monitoring

Poor medication adherence is a major challenge in healthcare, contributing to worse health outcomes and increased costs. Telehealth-enabled medication management tools can help by:

  • Sending reminders to take medications

  • Tracking medication usage through smart pill bottles or ingestible sensors

  • Allowing remote adjustments to medication regimens

  • Providing education about medications and potential side effects

As telehealth grows, we need to update the rules and regulations that guide its use.

Regulatory Considerations and Telehealth Adoption

Law books and scales with plant and shield

The rapid growth of telehealth has prompted significant regulatory changes, with more likely to come as the technology continues to evolve.

Evolving reimbursement policies for virtual care

One of the biggest barriers to telehealth adoption has been inconsistent reimbursement policies. However, the COVID-19 pandemic led to significant policy changes:

  • Medicare expanded coverage for telehealth services.

  • Many private insurers increased telehealth coverage.

  • Some states mandated payment parity between in-person and virtual visits.

As we move forward, key questions include:

  • Will expanded telehealth coverage become permanent?

  • How will reimbursement rates for virtual care compare to in-person visits?

  • What types of telehealth services will be covered?

Data privacy and security considerations in telehealth

medical papers and stethoscope

The growth of telehealth raises important questions about patient data privacy and security. Key concerns include ways to:

  • Ensure secure transmission of sensitive medical information

  • Protect patient data stored in telehealth platforms

  • Maintain privacy during video visits

Healthcare providers and telehealth companies must comply with regulations like HIPAA in the U.S.

Licensing and cross-state practice regulations

Traditionally, healthcare providers have been limited to practicing in states where they hold a license. This poses challenges for telehealth, which can easily cross state lines.

Some recent developments include:

  • The Interstate Medical Licensure Compact, which streamlines licensing for doctors in multiple states

  • Temporary waivers of state licensing requirements during the COVID-19 pandemic

  • Proposals for a national telemedicine license

Global telehealth initiatives and international cooperation

People around a globe

Telehealth has the potential to improve healthcare access globally, particularly in developing countries with limited medical infrastructure.

Some notable international telehealth initiatives include:

  • The World Health Organization’s Global Strategy on Digital Health

  • The European Union’s eHealth Network

  • The African Alliance of Digital Health Networks

Even with its many benefits, telehealth faces challenges that we must tackle to make it work for everyone.

Overcoming Challenges in Telehealth Implementation

While telehealth offers tremendous potential, several challenges must be addressed to ensure its effective and equitable implementation.

Addressing the digital divide and ensuring equitable access

The “digital divide” the gap between those who have access to technology and those who don’t poses a significant challenge for telehealth adoption.

Key issues include:

  • Lack of broadband internet access in rural areas

  • Limited digital literacy among some patient populations

  • Affordability of devices needed for telehealth

Potential solutions include:

  • Government initiatives to expand broadband access

  • Programs to provide telehealth-enabled devices to underserved populations

  • Digital literacy training for patients

Training healthcare providers in virtual care best practices

Many healthcare providers lack formal training in delivering care via telehealth. This can lead to suboptimal patient experiences and outcomes.

Key areas for provider training include:

  • Effective communication in virtual settings

  • Conducting remote physical exams

  • Managing technical issues during visits

  • Ensuring patient privacy and data security

Integrating telehealth with existing healthcare systems

For telehealth to reach its full potential, it needs to be seamlessly integrated with existing healthcare systems and workflows. This includes:

  • Integrating telehealth platforms with EHRs

  • Developing protocols for when to use telehealth vs. in-person care

  • Ensuring continuity of care between virtual and in-person visits

  • Adapting billing and administrative processes for telehealth

Health providers are set to invest heavily in virtual health applications in the next 5 to 10 years, as shown in the following chart (Gupta, 2024).

Source: Appinventiv

Managing patient expectations and building trust in virtual care

For many patients, telehealth represents a significant shift in how they receive care. Building trust and managing expectations is crucial for successful adoption.

Key considerations include how to:

A recent Health Information National Trends Survey found that 70% of U.S. adults with recent telehealth visits used audio-video, and 75% felt their telehealth visits were as good as in-person care (Spaulding et al., 2024). 

Conclusion

As technology advances and adoption grows, we can expect more personalized, accessible, and efficient care. However, success will depend on addressing challenges such as the digital divide and regulatory hurdles. 

By embracing AI and other technological innovations, we can create a healthcare system that truly meets the needs of patients in the digital age. Patients, providers, and policymakers must work together to shape this exciting future of healthcare.

References

Choi, H., & Paik, J. (2018). Mobile Game-based Virtual Reality Program for Upper Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation. Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE; (133). doi.org/10.3791/56241

Deloitte. (2021). Medtech and the Internet of Medical Things: How connected medical devices are transforming health care. Retrieved from https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/global/Documents/Life-Sciences-Health-Care/gx-lshc-medtech-iomt-brochure.pdf

General FAQs About the Compact. (n.d.). Interstate Medical Licensure Compact. Retrieved from https://www.imlcc.org/faqs/

Gupta, D. (2024). 7 Telemedicine Trends Shaping the Future of Healthcare. Appinventiv. Retrieved from https://appinventiv.com/blog/top-telehealth-trends/

Halterman, J. S., Tajon, R., Tremblay, P., Fagnano, M., Butz, A., Perry, T., & McConnochie, K. (2017). Development of School-Based Asthma Management Programs in Rochester, NY Presented in Honor of Dr. Robert Haggerty. Academic Pediatrics; 17(6), 595. doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2017.04.008 

Hubley, S., Lynch, S. B., Schneck, C., Thomas, M., & Shore, J. (2016). Review of key telepsychiatry outcomes. World Journal of Psychiatry, 6(2), 269–282. doi.org/10.5498/wjp.v6.i2.269

Marley, R. (2021). 8 key trends driving the future of telehealth. Healthcare Transformers. Retrieved from https://healthcaretransformers.com/digital-health/current-trends/future-of-telehealth/

More care close to home. (2024). MayoClinic. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/about-mayo-clinic/care-network/more-care-close-to-home

Spaulding, E. M., Fang, M., Chen, Y., Commodore-Mensah, Y., Himmelfarb, C. R., Martin, S. S., & Coresh, J. (2024). Satisfaction with Telehealth Care in the United States: Cross-Sectional Survey. Telemed J E Health. 2024 Jun;30(6):1549-1558. doi:10.1089/tmj.2023.0531

How AI in Telehealth Diagnosis Enhances Remote Healthcare

How AI in Telehealth Diagnosis Enhances Remote Healthcare

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

With 76% of U.S. hospitals using telehealth services, AI plays a big role in improving diagnostic accuracy and patient care. In fact, the U.S. telehealth market is expected to reach a value of $590.6 billion by 2032. That surge is a reflection of how AI is impacts telehealth diagnosis.

Source: Tateeda

Let’s explore how AI is enhancing medical diagnosis in telehealth, and its applications.

Contents

Applications of AI in Telehealth Diagnosis

AI in healthcare

AI refers to algorithms (computer systems) that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. In healthcare, AI encompasses a wide range of technologies designed to assist medical professionals in various aspects of patient care (Davenport & Kalakota, 2019). These applications include:

AI’s ability to process vast amounts of data quickly and identify patterns makes it an invaluable tool in the medical field, where precision and speed can make a significant difference in patient outcomes.

How AI integrates with telehealth platforms

Telehealth platforms are increasingly incorporating AI technologies to enhance their capabilities. This integration allows for more sophisticated remote healthcare services. Here’s how AI typically works within a telehealth system:

  1. Data collection: AI systems gather patient information from various sources, including electronic health records (EHR), wearable devices, and patient-reported symptoms.
  1. Analysis: Advanced algorithms process this data to identify potential health issues or risks.
  1. Decision support: AI provides healthcare providers with insights and recommendations to aid in diagnosis and treatment planning.
  1. Patient interaction: Some AI systems can directly interact with patients through chatbots or virtual assistants, offering health advice and virtual triage services.

Key benefits of AI-powered diagnosis in telehealth

Incorporating AI into telehealth diagnosis offers several advantages:

  • Faster diagnoses: By automating certain aspects of the diagnostic process, AI can help healthcare providers reach conclusions more rapidly.
  • Cost-effectiveness: Telehealth can be cost-effective for both healthcare providers and patients. It reduces overhead costs for healthcare facilities, and lowers patient expenses related to transportation and time off work.

  • Increased accessibility: AI-powered telehealth services can extend quality healthcare to underserved areas where specialist expertise may be limited.
  • Consistency: AI systems can provide consistent analysis and recommendations, promoting similar diagnoses from different healthcare providers.

Hah & Goldin (2022) looked at how doctors use different types of patient information, especially in telehealth settings, to see where AI could help doctors manage complex patient information. As telehealth grows, doctors need to be able to make diagnoses using digital information. However, the increasing amount of patient data from mobile devices can be overwhelming for doctors.

They recommend that AI developers understand how doctors process information to create better AI tools. They also suggest that doctors should receive training in managing multimedia information as part of their education.

The Patient Experience with AI-Driven Telehealth

Now that we understand AI’s role in telehealth, it’s important to consider how these advances affect patients directly.

Hand holding phone with AI health chatbot conversation

Appointment and medication reminders

AI–powered chatbots and virtual assistants can help patients schedule and remember their doctor appointments. They can also remind patients when to take their medicines or other intermittent care they otherwise may forget.

User-friendly interfaces for remote consultations

AI is helping to create more intuitive and user-friendly interfaces for telehealth platforms. These interfaces often include:

  • Chatbots for initial patient intake and triage

  • Voice-activated assistants for hands-free interaction

  • Simplified data input methods for patients to report symptoms

Research has shown that well-designed AI interfaces can improve patient engagement and satisfaction with telehealth services.

Personalized care recommendations

AI systems can analyze individual patient data to provide personalized care recommendations. This may include:

  • Tailored treatment plans based on a patient’s medical history and genetic profile

  • Personalized medication dosage recommendations

  • Lifestyle and diet suggestions based on a patient’s specific health conditions

AI health coaching can significantly improve outcomes for patients with chronic conditions.

24/7 availability of AI-powered diagnostic tools

One of the key advantages of AI in telehealth is its ability to provide round-the-clock access to diagnostic tools. This includes:

  • Symptom checkers that patients can use at any time

  • Automated triage systems to direct patients to appropriate care levels

  • Continuous monitoring of patient data from wearable devices

Research proves that AI health services available 24/7 help treat problems earlier, particularly for patients chronic conditions that require timely treatment.

Current AI Technologies in Telehealth Diagnosis

Now that we understand how AI in telehealth improves patient engagement, let’s look at the specific technologies making this possible.

Machine learning algorithms for symptom analysis

Machine learning (ML), a subset of AI, is playing a crucial role in telehealth diagnosis through symptom analysis. These algorithms can:

  • Process patient-reported symptoms and medical histories

  • Compare symptoms against vast databases of medical knowledge

  • Suggest potential diagnoses or areas for further investigation

For example, a study published in Nature Medicine showed that an ML model can accurately diagnose common childhood diseases based on symptoms and patient history (Liang et al., 2019).

As of Fall 2023, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 692 AI or ML medical devices (531 in radiology, 71 in cardiology and 20 in neurology).

Computer vision in dermatological assessments

Tele-dermatology is another application where AI can help with remote diagnosis. Computer vision (CV) technology is making significant strides in dermatological diagnoses through telehealth. Here’s how it works:

  1. Patients upload images of skin conditions through a telehealth platform.

  2. AI-powered computer vision analyzes the images, considering factors like color, texture, and shape.

  3. The system compares the images against a database of known skin conditions.

  4. Healthcare providers receive an analysis to aid in their diagnosis.

Some AI systems can match or even exceed dermatologists in accurately identifying skin cancers from images (Esteva et al., 2017).

For example, AI can be as accurate as experienced dermatologists when diagnosing skin cancers like melanoma. The AI uses complex algorithms to analyze images of skin lesions and identify potential cancers, and shows potential to improve cancer screening in other areas like breast and cervical cancer (Kuziemsky et al., 2019).

Natural language processing for patient communication

Doctor on mobile app

Natural language processing (NLP) is enhancing patient-provider communication in telehealth settings. NLP technologies can:

  • Interpret and analyze patient descriptions of symptoms

  • Generate summaries of patient-provider conversations for medical records

  • Translate medical jargon into patient-friendly language

Improving Diagnostic Accuracy with AI

AI technologies contribute to a crucial goal in healthcare: making diagnoses more accurate. Here’s how.

AI-assisted pattern recognition in medical imaging

Ultrasound turned slightly

One of the most promising applications of AI in telehealth diagnosis is in medical imaging. AI systems can analyze various types of medical images, including:

  • X-rays

  • MRIs

  • CT scans

  • Ultrasounds

These AI tools are adept at recognizing patterns and anomalies that may be difficult for the human eye to detect. For instance, a study published in Nature found that an AI system can identify breast cancer in mammograms with greater accuracy than expert radiologists (McKinney et al., 2020).

Clinical assessment

In the past, clinicians mainly relied on patient history and physical exams for diagnosis. Today, advanced tools like MRI and CT scans are common, but this has led to less focus on taking patient histories. While these high-tech tests make telehealth easier, they’re expensive and require special equipment (Kuziemsky et al., 2019).

Patient history is still crucial for diagnosis and can be done easily through telehealth without special tools. AI can guide the history-taking process, saving clinicians time, and making telehealth more effective and affordable. AI can even help patients make decisions when a doctor isn’t available, like in emergencies, with the help of a nurse.

Predictive analytics for early disease detection

AI-powered predictive analytics are helping healthcare providers identify potential health issues before they become serious. This technology:

  • Analyzes patient data from various sources, including EHR and wearable devices

  • Identifies patterns that may indicate increased risk for certain conditions

  • Alerts healthcare providers to patients who may benefit from preventive interventions

Reducing human error in remote diagnoses

Doctor giving patient pills

While human expertise remains crucial in healthcare, AI can help reduce errors in remote diagnoses. AI systems can:

  • Double-check diagnoses made by healthcare providers

  • Flag potential inconsistencies or overlooked factors

  • Provide second opinions, especially in complex cases

Managing Data Privacy and Security Risks

I wrote a deep analysis on how healthcare providers can manage data privacy and assuage patient concerns about the security of their information, which I won’t repeat here.

AI and Security of Patient Info

Conclusion

AI enhances telehealth diagnosis by offering improved accuracy, accessibility, and efficiency in remote healthcare. As technology continues to advance, we can expect even more innovative solutions that will bridge the gap between patients and healthcare providers. The future of AI in telehealth diagnosis is bright, promising a world where quality healthcare is just a click away. 

References

Altman, S. & Huffington, A. (2024). AI-Driven Behavior Change Could Transform Health Care. Time. Retrieved from https://time.com/6994739/ai-behavior-change-health-care/

Davenport, T., & Kalakota, R. (2019). The potential for artificial intelligence in healthcare. Future Healthcare Journal; 6(2), 94-98.

Esteva, A., Kuprel, B., Novoa, R. A., Ko, J., Swetter, S. M., Blau, H. M., & Thrun, S. (2017). Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks. Nature; 542(7639), 115-118.

Future of Health: The Emerging Landscape of Augumented Intelligence in Health Care. (2023). American Medical Association (AMA) and Manatt Health. Retrieved from https://www.ama-assn.org/system/files/future-health-augmented-intelligence-health-care.pdf/

Gatlin, Harry. (2024). The Role of AI in Enhancing Telehealth Services. SuperBill. Retrieved from https://www.thesuperbill.com/blog/the-role-of-ai-in-enhancing-telehealth-services/

Hah, H., & Goldin, D. (2022). Moving toward AI-assisted decision-making: Observation on clinicians’ management of multimedia patient information in synchronous and asynchronous telehealth contexts. Health Informatics Journal. doi.org/10.1177_14604582221077049

Horowitz, B. T. (2024). Integrating AI with Virtual Care Solutioins Improves Patient Care and Clinicial Efficiencies. HealthTech. Retrieved from https://healthtechmagazine.net/article/2024/03/Integrating-ai-with-virtual-care-perfcon/

Kuziemsky, C., Maeder, A. J., John, O., Gogia, S. B., Basu, A., Meher, S., & Ito, M. (2019). Role of Artificial Intelligence within the Telehealth Domain: Official 2019 Yearbook Contribution by the members of IMIA Telehealth Working Group. Yearbook of Medical Informatics; 28(1), 35-40. doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1677897

Liang, H., Tsui, B. Y., Ni, H., Valentim, C. C., Baxter, S. L., Liu, G., … & Xia, H. (2019). Evaluation and accurate diagnoses of pediatric diseases using artificial intelligence. Nature Medicine; 25(3), 433-438.

McKinney, S. M., Sieniek, M., Godbole, V., Godwin, J., Antropova, N., Ashrafian, H., … & Shetty, S. (2020). International evaluation of an AI system for breast cancer screening. Nature; 577(7788), 89-94.

Nazarov, V. (2024). AI in Telehealth: Revolutionizing Healthcare Delivery to Every Patient’s Home. Tateeda. Retrieved from https://tateeda.com/blog/ai-in-telemedicine-use-cases/

Sun, P. (2022). How AI Helps Physicians Improve Telehealth Patient Care in Real-Time. Arizona Telemedicine Program. Retrieved from https://telemedicine.arizona.edu/blog/how-ai-helps-physicians-improve-telehealth-patient-care-real-time

5 Best Remote Patient Monitoring Systems for Healthcare Providers

5 Best Remote Patient Monitoring Systems for Healthcare Providers

by Ree AI Health Tech Med Tech

Remote patient monitoring (RPM) has become an essential tool for healthcare providers, allowing them to track patient health data outside of traditional clinical settings. The use of remote patient monitoring systems for healthcare providers continues to grow, offering benefits such as improved patient outcomes, reduced hospital readmissions, and enhanced chronic disease management.

This article explores the top RPM systems helping healthcare providers deliver more efficient and personalized care. We’ll discuss the key features to look for and provide guidance on implementing these systems in your practice.

Contents

Features to Look for in Top RPM Systems

When evaluating RPM systems, several key features can make a significant difference in their effectiveness and usability. Here are the essential elements to consider.

Real-time data collection and transmission

Hand touches a screen displaying a heartbeat

Collecting and transmitting patient data in real time is crucial for timely interventions and effective care management. Look for systems that offer:

  • Continuous monitoring capabilities

  • Minimal latency in data transmission

  • Automatic data syncing between devices and the central platform

User-friendly interfaces for both patients and providers

Ease of use is paramount for both patients and healthcare providers. A good RPM system should have:

  • Intuitive mobile apps for patients

  • Clear, easy-to-read dashboards for providers

  • Customizable views and reports

Integration with existing electronic health record systems

Seamless integration with your current electronic health record (EHR) system can streamline workflows and improve data consistency. Consider systems that offer:

  • Bi-directional data flow between the RPM platform and EHR

  • Single sign-on capabilities

  • Automated data entry to reduce manual work

Data security and HIPAA compliance

Protecting patient data is non-negotiable. Ensure the RPM system you choose has:

  • End-to-end encryption for data transmission and storage

  • Multi-factor authentication for user access

  • Regular security audits and updates

Customizable alerts and notifications

Heart illustration for ECG monitor

Timely alerts can help providers intervene before a patient’s condition worsens. Look for systems with:

  • Configurable alert thresholds

  • Multiple notification methods (e.g., SMS, email, in-app notifications)

  • Escalation protocols for critical alerts

Top Remote Patient Monitoring Systems for Healthcare Providers

Now that we’ve covered the essential features, let’s dive into some of the top RPM systems available to healthcare providers in 2024.

1. HealthSnap

Healthsnap RPM system

HealthSnap is a comprehensive Virtual Care Management Platform facilitating integrated, continuous remote patient care with chronic care management (CCM). The system is designed to improve health outcomes for patients with chronic conditions.

Key Features:

  • Cellular-enabled, pre-configured health devices

  • Automated data transmission

  • Integrated platform for monitoring and managing chronic diseases
ProsCons
Easy setup with no Wi-Fi requiredMay have higher upfront costs
Proven to improve patient outcomesLimited to specific chronic conditions
Transparent performance metrics

Use case 

A primary care practice uses HealthSnap to monitor patients with hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. The cellular-enabled devices allow for easy adoption among elderly patients who may not have reliable internet access.

To learn more, visit:

Healthsnap

2. Optimize Health

Optimize Health RPM system

Optimize Health offers a comprehensive RPM solution that focuses on improving patient outcomes with CCM, while maximizing reimbursements for healthcare providers.

Key Features:

  • Customizable RPM programs

  • Integrated billing and reimbursement support

  • Patient engagement tools
ProsCons
Flexible program optionsMay require more setup time
Strong focus on ROILearning curve for customization
Robust patient engagement

Use case

A cardiology practice implements Optimize Health to monitor patients with heart failure, resulting in reduced hospital readmissions and improved medication adherence.

To learn more, visit:

Optimize Health

3. Athelas

Athelas Home RPM system

Athelas provides an AI-powered RPM system with a focus on simplicity and preventative care. Their at-home blood diagnostics device is designed to identify health concerns early, potentially reducing the need for hospitalizations.

Key Features:

  • SIM-connected devices for easy setup

  • Nurse-monitored health readings

  • Preventative approach to patient care
ProsCons
Simple device setupLimited device options
Professional monitoringMay have ongoing monitoring costs
Early intervention focus

Use case

A rural health clinic uses Athelas to monitor patients with multiple chronic conditions, leveraging the nurse-monitored system to extend their care team’s capabilities.

To learn more, visit:

Athelas

4. Health Recovery Solutions 

Health Recovery Solutions RPM system

Health Recovery Solutions (HRS) offers a clinically-focused RPM platform designed to improve patient satisfaction, reduce hospital readmissions, and optimize clinical workflows.

Key Features:

  • Comprehensive suite of RPM solutions

  • Electronic medical records (EMR) integration

  • 24/7 customer and tech support
ProsCons
Proven results over 10 yearsMay be more complex for smaller practices
Customizable solutionsHigher-end pricing
Strong support system

Use case 

A large health system implements HRS across multiple specialties, using the platform’s customization options to tailor the RPM program for each department’s needs.

To learn more, visit:

Health Recovery Solutions

5. Accuhealth

Accuhealth RPM system

Accuhealth provides a user-friendly RPM platform that emphasizes ease of use for both patients and providers.

Key Features:

  • Intuitive patient and provider interfaces

  • AI-powered risk stratification

  • Integrated telehealth capabilities
ProsCons
Easy to use for all agesMay have fewer advanced features
AI-enhanced patient monitoringLimited customization options
Built-in telehealth

Use case 

A family medicine practice adopts Accuhealth to monitor patients with diabetes, using the integrated telehealth feature for quick follow-ups when blood glucose levels are out of range.

To learn more, visit:

Accuhealth

Implementing RPM in Your Healthcare Practice

Implementing an RPM system in your practice requires careful planning and execution. Here are some key steps and considerations.

nurse and doctor pointing at computer

How to choose the right RPM system

Follow these steps to choose the right RPM system for your healthcare practice.

  1. Assess your practice’s needs and goals.

  2. Evaluate potential systems based on their key features.

  3. Request demos from top contenders.

  4. Consider scalability and future needs.

  5. Review pricing models and ROI potential.

Train staff and patients on using the system

Healthcare staff and patients must understand how to use their RPM systems correctly. Steps to take include:

  • Develop a comprehensive training program for your staff.

  • Create easy-to-follow guides for patients.

  • Offer ongoing support and refresher training.

  • Consider designating RPM champions within your practice.

Overcoming common implementation challenges

Best practices for successful RPM adoption

  • Start with a pilot program and gradually expand.

  • Regularly collect and act on feedback from staff and patients.

  • Monitor key performance indicators to measure success.

  • Stay up-to-date with RPM technology advancements and regulations.

By carefully considering these factors and following best practices, you can successfully implement an RPM system that enhances patient care and improves your practice’s efficiency.

Conclusion

Remote patient monitoring systems are rapidly becoming essential tools for healthcare providers seeking to improve patient outcomes and streamline operations. 

By choosing the right RPM solution, you can enhance the quality of care, reduce hospital readmissions, and empower patients to take an active role in managing their health. Take the first step towards a more connected and efficient practice by exploring the top RPM systems available today.